Identification of new peanut varieties in Fujian and correlation analysis between yield and characteristics

ObjectiveProlificacy and stress(disease) resistance of new peanut varieties in Fujian province were iden-tified to select good peanut varieties that were suitable for local ecological conditions . MethodTaking Quanhua 7 as the control, yield,resistance and other traits of 12 new varieties were identified in seven pilots(Mingxi, Nan’an, Hui’an, Xiang’an, Putian, Fuqing and Xinluo). ResultAmong 12 tested varieties, six varieties, Quanhua 806, Longhua 128, Fuhua 0739, Longhua 13, 0910-63 and Fuhua 0721, had higher pod yield than control. Compared with control, average pod yield of Quanhua 806 was the highest(3930 kg/ha), significantly increased production by 10.36% compared with control(P<0.01, the same below). The average pod yield of Longhua 128 was 3771 kg/ha,significantly increased by 5.90%compared with control(P<0.05,the same below). Four varieties produced more seed kernel yield than control,which were Quanhua 806,Longhua 128,Longhua 13,and Fuhua 0739. Compared with control,the kernel yield of Quanhua 806 and Longhua 128 significantly increased by 14.27% and 6.62% respectively. Main stem height of tested varieties was 37.10-68.79 cm,lateral branch length 41.20-77.80 cm, number of branches per plant 5.28-6.86,number of bearing branches per plant 4.44-5.88,number of pod per plant 11.21-17.56, full pod number 9.28-14.99,full pod rate 76.77%-89.30%,100-pod weight 191.41-222.01 g,100-kernel weight 72.74-82.01 g,kernel rate 58.80%-70.37%. Growth vigor, drought resis-tance, flooding tolerance and lodging resistance of all varieties presented a medium to strong performance; leaf spot level was 1.7-2.9;rust level 0.4-0.6. Bacterial wilt resistance identification indicated that 0951-13 was resistant to bacterial wilt , Quanhua 806, Puhua 31 and 0910-63 were moderately resistant to bacterial wilt, other varieties medium susceptible to bacterial wilt. Quality inspection showed,oil content of all varieties was between 48.58%-52.20%, protein content 25.62%-31.09%,oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio 0.98-1.37. Correlation analysis results showed that stem height , lateral branch length,pods per kilogram, and pod yield were negatively correlated. Lateral branch length and pod yield was significantly negatively correlated;other traits presented insignificant positive correlation with pod yield. Pod number, full pod number, full pod rate, double kernel rate,100-pod weight,100-kernel weigh, kernel rate and seed yield were positively correlated. Kernel rate and seed kernel yield were significantly positively correlated; whereas other traits presented insignificant posi-tive correlation with seed kernel yield. ResultQuanhua 806 and Longhua 128 enjoyed high yield, good quality, strong stress(disease) resistance,which can be put in small-scale production test;Fuhua 0739 and Longhua 13 enjoyed relatively high yield, but need further identification as in whether these varieties are suitable for promotion.