Comprehensive evaluation of growth and quality of Pleurotus ostreatus under different substrate formulations based on membership function method

【Objective】The aim of this study was to study the effects of different substrate formulations on the growth and quality of Pleurotus ostreatus and conduct a comprehensive evaluation, which could provide scientific reference for screening materials replaceable for sawdust suitable for growth of P. ostreatus as well as the high-quality development of P. ostreatus industry. 【Method】This study used Heping No.2 P. ostreatus as the experimental material,and used Macadamia peel,bagasse and other materials as cultivation materials. Different substrate formulation treatments were set, labeled as T1, T2, T3, T4, no macadamia nut peel was added in the formulation as control（CK）. Mycelium growth rate,yield per package,agronomic traits,and nutrients content of P. ostreatus under different substrate formulations were measured,and the correlation between P. ostreatus growth indicators and quality indicators was analyzed. Simultaneously,the membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the effects of different substrate formulations on the growth and quality of P. ostreatus. 【Result】The mycelium growth rate of P. ostreatus treated with different substrate formulas ranged from 9.41 to 9.92 mm/d, specifically manifested as CK ＞ T2 ＞ T4 ＞ T3 ＞ T1. The mycelium growth rate of CK P. ostreatus was 5.14%, 1.11%, 3.43% and 2.62% higher than T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Under T2 treatment, the 2 agronomic traits of single mushroom weight and transverse diameter of cap of P. ostreatus reached their highest values. Among them, in terms of single mushroom weight, there was no significant difference between T2 treatment and CK, T1, T3 treatment（P＞0.05）, but it was significantly higher than T4 treatment（P＜0.05, the same below）, with an increase of 38.49%. The transverse diameter of cap under T2 treatment was 3.24%-51.88% higher than other treatments, and significantly different from that of CK. The effects of different substrate formulation on the yield per package of P. ostreatus was T2 ＞ T1 ＞ T3 ＞ T4 ＞ CK. Under T4 treatment, the protein and total amino acids contents of P. ostreatus were significantly higher than other treatments, and the selenium content of P. ostreatus was the highest under T2 treatment（0.40 g/100 g）. The single mushroom weight was extremely significantly and positively correlated with the stipe diameter and cap thickness（P＜0.01, the same below）, with correlation coefficients of 0.75 and 0.74 respectively. Mycelium growth rate was extremely significantly and positively correlated with crude polysaccharide content,with correlation coefficient of 0.66. The membership function method was used to evaluate the effects of different matrix formulations on the growth and quality of P. ostreatus, and ranked as T2 ＞ T1 ＞ T3 ＞ T4 ＞ CK. 【Conclusion】The use of macadamia nut peel as a cultivation substrate slows down the mycelium growth rate of P. ostreatus,but increases P. ostreatus yield per package and the content of nutrients such as protein. Adding 30% macadamia nut peel and 35% bagasse to the cultivation substrate formula of P. ostreatus results in the best comprehensive performance of P. ostreatus growth and quality.