Biological characteristics, domestication and cultivation of wild Ganoderma sinense

【Objective】The biological characteristics, domestication and cultivation of wild Ganoderma sinense were studied, in order to provide reference for the evaluation and efficient utilization of Ganoderma sinense germplasm resources. 【Method】A wild Ganoderma sinense fruiting body from Anfu County, Jian City in Jiangxi Province was isolated and purified to obtain a pure culture strain. The strain was identified by morphological characteristics of fruiting body combined with ITS sequence analysis. The biological characteristics of this strain were studied from 4 factors: carbon source, nitrogen source, pH and temperature. On the basis of single factor test, 3 optimal levels were selected for orthogonal test of 4 factors and 3 levels, in order to screen the optimum conditions for its mycelia growth. The influences of 4 factors on mycelia growth were compared by range and variance analysis. The yield and biological efficiency of fruiting bodies were measured by domestication and cultivation. The contents of total triterpenes and crude polysaccharides in the fruiting bodies of cultivated strain were determined by spectrophotometry. 【Result】This strain was identified as Ganoderma sinense by morphological observation and molecular biological identification results and numbered G46. In the condition of single factor test,the optimal carbon source of strain G46 was fructose or soluble starch, the optimal nitrogen source was yeast powder, the optimal pH was 6.0, and the optimal temperature was 25 ℃. The results of orthogonal test showed that the mycelia growth of strain G46 was the optimal under the conditions of fructose as carbon source, beef extract as nitrogen source, pH 7.0 and temperature 25 ℃. According to the results of range and variance analysis, the effects of 4 factors on mycelia growth of strain G46 were ranked as carbon source ＞ temperature ＞ pH ＞ nitrogen source. The results of domestication experiment indicated the mycelia were sackful in about 48 d, and the average growth rate was 4.17 mm/d. The primordium was formed after about 15 d, and the fruiting body matured at 23-28 d. The average fresh weight of a single fruiting body was 52.13 g, and the biological efficiency was 5.21%. The contents of total triterpenes and crude polysaccharides in cultivated fruiting bodies were 0.98% and 1.30% respectively. 【Conclusion】The nutrient sources of this wild Ganoderma sinense are widely available, and it is adaptable to the environments, and easily to be domesticated and cultivated, and the content of total triterpenes and crude polysaccharides in its fruiting body were relatively high. So there is great development potential in this wild strain, which provides material and technical basis for the efficient utilization of germplasm resources of Ganoderma sinense.