Isolation and identification of a wild strain of Pleurotus djamor （Rumph. ex. Fr.） Boedijn and its artificial domestication and cultivation

【Objective】The purpose of the study was to isolate and identify a wild Pleurotus(Fr.) P. Kumm. strain PD2021 and artificially domesticate and cultivate it, so as to provide a theoretical theory basis for the large-scale cultivation and utilization of this strain. 【Method】A wild Pleurotus(Fr.) P. Kumm. strain PD2021 collected from Jinghong City, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province was used as the test material. The parent species was obtained by tissue isolation, and its taxonomic status was defined by combining morphological observation of the fruiting bodies, DNA barcoding and molecular phylogenetic analysis of Pleurotus(Fr.) P. Kumm. The biological characteristics and mushrooming conditions were investigated by culture characterization tests, and orthogonal tests were used to screen the cultivation formula for artificial indoor cultivation of PD2021. 【Result】Based on morphological characteristics and DNA barcoding of Pleurotus(Fr.) P. Kumm., it was found that the PD2021 strain had a light beige body,white spore print,and a wavy petal shaped edge when maturing,and there was a circular and uneven stripe at the border between the cap edge and the middle,and the entire fruiting body resembleed a flower. Strain PD2021 was identified as P. djamor(Rumph. ex. Fr.) Boedijn according to DNA barcoding of Pleurotus(Fr.) P. Kumm. The ITS sequence and the sequence of the elongation factor gene(EF-1α) of strain PD2021 showed the highest similarity to that of P. djamor, and they were in the same branch in the phylogenetic evolutionary tree. However, the lengths of their branches were different, indicating that the sequences of the two strains varied, which further proved that strain PD2021 was a variant of P. djamor. The optimal carbon source for the growth of PD2021 strain was soluble starch, the optimal nitrogen source for the growth of this strain was yeast powder, and the optimal temperature was 26 ℃. The mycelium was highly resistant to high temperature, and could still resume growth at 26 ℃ after 12 h of treatment at 44 ℃. The cultivation formula of PD2021 strain was screened by the orthogonal test, and the optimal formula was 15 kg of rice bran, 10 kg of wheat bran, 200 kg of rubber sawdust and 15 kg of cornmeal. In the mushroom producing room with 22-32 ℃, 65%-85% air humidity, and 100-550 lx diffused light, mushrooms could be produced in 15-21 d, the mushroom yield oreached 152.26 g/bag, and the bioconversion rate reached 55.64%. 【Conclusion】PD2021 strain is suitable for tropical and subtropical cultivation with high temperature resistance. It has a short cultivation period, high resistance and a wide range of available cultivation materials with good application prospects and development value.