Agronomic traits and quality of different mulberry germplasms

【Objective】To study the agronomic characters and quality of mulberry with different germplasms,so as to provide reference for the breeding of superior mulberry varieties.【Method】The morphology,leaf,ear and other agronomic characters of 19 samples of mulberry germplasm were analyzed. The contents of neochlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,rutin,hyperin and quercetin in mulberry were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The antioxidant activity of mulberry was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH)method. The coefficient of variation and correlation analysis were used to study the agronomic characters and quality evaluation.【Result】Through the analysis of the agronomic traits of 19 different mulberry germplasms,it was found that the morphological(tree shape,plant characteristics),leaf(leaf shape,leaf base,leaf edge,leaf crack,leaf tip, leaf texture,leaf color),ear(color,taste,hardness,fruit length,fruit diameter,single fruit weight)and other agronomic traits of 19 different mulberry germplasms were greatly different. Fruit length ranged from 2.47 to 7.95 cm,fruit diameter ranged from 0.64 to 2.17 cm,single fruit weight ranged from 1.36 to 10.58 g,while leaf quality did not differ,all were paper texture. Except leaf quality,the coefficient of variation of agronomic traits was 16.67% or above. The coefficient of variation of extracts,total flavonoids,total polysaccharides and total polyphenols were 12.66%,26.60%,18.13% and 28.04%,respectively. The total amount of active ingredients varied from 0.31 to 6.39 mg/g,with a coefficient of variation of 40.03%. The scavenging rate of free radicals in different germplasms of mulberry was 46.51%-98.34%,and the antioxidant activity of Guiyou 2172 was higher than that of other germplasms. Total amount of 6 active ingredients,total flavonoids and total polyphenols were positively correlated with the free radical scavenging rate of antioxidant activity index. The six active components of neochlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,rutin,hyperin and quercetin all showed strong positive correlation with antioxidant activity. Except for chlorogenic acid,the correlation between the other five active ingredients and antioxidant activity reached a extremely significant level(P<0.01). The top five germplasms in the comprehensive score were Guiyou 2172,Guishen 94208,Guishen 92L38,Guishen 90191,Guishen 92L44.【Conclusion】Based on the antioxidant effect,Guiyou 2172,Guishen 94208,Guishen 92L38,Gushen 90191 and Guishen 92L44 can be used as excellent germplasm selection materials.