Research progress of grape flower bud differentiation

Flower bud differentiation of grape is a very important stage in its growth and development. Flowering process of grapes is relatively different,and its flower induction is more complex. After differentiation,primordium can further develop into inflorescence or into tendril to be a vegetable organ. The process of flower bud differentiation is affected by many internal and external factors. Its physiological and molecular regulation mechanism is complex. In this paper,the physiological stage and the particularity of grape flower bud differentiation,the function and expression of genes related to flower induction and flower morphogenesis,and the factors affecting flower bud differentiation such as environmental factors(temperature, light, and water), tree nutrition(carbohydrates and mineral elements), endogenous hormone levels, and cultivation techniques were reviewed based on domestic and foreign studies. For the issues of grape flower bud differentiation require further study,researches in respect of morphogenesis and strcuture were carried out to improve flower bud differentiation process and structure characteristics of different grape varieties and flower organ differentiation stage of winter bud in the next year. The molecular regulation mechanism of grape flower bud differentiation was studied by multiomics association analysis,and the research on the regulation of grape flower bud differentiation under different cultivation modes was carried out,so as to promote the systematic research on the physiological and molecular mechanism of grape flower bud differentiation, which would provide a theoretical reference for the regulation of grape production.