Analysis of the development of Vietnam’s maize industry and the current situation of market supply and demand

【Objective】To investigate and analyze the current situation of supply and demand of maize production in Vietnam,so as to provide varieties and data reference for China-Vietnam maize cooperation.【Method】Based on statistics from General Statistics Office of Vietnam,the history,cultivation techniques,production and trade of maize in Vietnam,and ecological regions in the country were elaborated to find out their main problems for putting forward specific countermeasures and suggestions.【Result】Given Vietnam's late beginning of maize breeding research relatively late,the introduction of foreign varieties in the development of maize breeding and production played an important role in the country.Vietnam's maize planting area,unit yield and total production increased year by year from 1980s to the present. However,their maize planting area was about 1 million ha,and the total maize production was about 5 million tons,showing an overall downward trend year by year from 2014. From an ecological perspective,the planting area was mainly in the country's northern hills and mountains. In 2019,the northern planting area was 619700 ha,accounting for more than onethird of maize planting area in Vietnam. From the perspective of provincial level,the provinces with the largest planting area were Son La,Dak Lak,Nghe An and Thanh Hoa,and the provinces with the largest production volume were Dak Lak,Son La,Dong Nai,Thanh Hoa,Nghe An,Gia Lai and Tak Nong. From the perspective of the north-south region,the planting area and output were mainly in the north. In terms of cultivation conditions,the southeast,Mekong River Delta and Central Hightland region had the highest maize yield per unit,and the provinces with high per unit yield were the Dong Thap,Kien Giang,An Giang and Dong Nai Provinces. About 60% of the maize produced in Vietnam was used for food and alcohol production,and around 40% was used for the production of feed. Vietnam's maize production could not meet Vietnam's domestic demand,so a large amount of maize was imported from the United States,India and other countries. The annual import volume ranged from 1 to 1.8 million tons,80% of which was genetically-modified maize.The main planted varieties were single-cross maize GS9989(A380),VN5885,TC 14-1,fresh waxy maize variety VN556,sweet maize variety 20(DL20)and green fodder maize VS71. Spodoptera frugiperda was a migratory pest that harmed China and Vietnam. Main problems in maize production in Vietnam were:Single maize varieties,lack of highquality varieties,backward cultivation techniques seriously restricting the development of the maize industry in Vietnam.【Suggestion】Cooperation with agricultural research departments such as Vietnam Maize Research Institute and Vietnam National University of Agriculture should be strengthened. Demonstration and promotion of China's fine maize varieties should be enhanced. Applicable maize varieties in Vietnam should be registered and demonstrated. Cooperation with enterprises to export suitable varieties to Vietnam and cooperation with ASEAN countries should be promoted.