Genetic diversity analysis of Pleurotus pulmonarius（Fr.）Quél. based on agronomic characters and ISSR markers

【Objective】The agronomic characters and genetic diversity of Pleurotus pulmonarius（Fr.）Quél. strains were analyzed and evaluated，to provide theoretical reference for classification and identification of P. geesteranus germplasm resources and genetic breeding.【Method】PCR products of 10 P. geesteranus strains were detected by ISSR molecular marker technology，and the genetic relationship among different strains was analyzed by ISSR cluster map. Comparative experiments were carried out on each strain，and the agronomic characters such as mycelium growth，fruiting body agronomic characters and yield of each strain were observed and comprehensively analyzed.【Result】The results of cluster analysis showed that the genetic similarity of 10 P. geesteranus strains ranged from 0.47 to 0.92，which could be divided into 4 groups at 0.69 level. According to the analysis of the genetic diversity of agronomic characters，the variation range of the genetic diversity index of each character was 0.496-1.828，and the coefficient of variation was 7.76%- 25.21%， which showed that there was abundant genetic diversity. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the yield of P. geesteranus was extremely significantly positively correlated with the growth rate of hypha（P<0.01，the same below），while the width of the cap was significantly positively correlated with the thickness of the cap and the diameter of the stipe（P<0.05）， and the thickness of the cap was extremely significantly positively correlated with the diameter of the stipe. Principal component analysis showed that the characteristic values of the four principal components were all greater than 1，and the cu-mulative contribution rate was 84.891%. The principal components were stalk diameter，cap thickness，yield，cap color and yellow mushroom disease，which could well explain all genetic information contained in all variables.【Conclusion】 According to the analysis results of agronomic characters and molecular markers of all strains，the strains of Taixiu 1，Xiuzhengu 12 and Zhongnongxiuzhengu could be used as parents for variety breeding，among which Xiuzhengu 12 and Zhongnong Xiuzhengu have good agronomic characters and can be popularized and cultivated in Zhejiang.