Effects of sugar on tissue culture of date palm

【Objective】 In order to reduce the callus browning rate and increase somatic embryogenesis rate, and provide the basis for the optimizing medium formulation, this experiment was conducted to study the effect of the ratio of sucrose, fructose and glucose in the culture medium on the callus and somatic embryos during tissue culture of date palm.【Method】 The cultures were used as research object. Three treatments(sucrose, sucrose+fructose, sucrose+glucose) were used to the tissue culture experiment. The callus browning rate and somatic embryogenesis rate were observed and analyzed. The content of starch, sucrose, fructose and glucose in callus, somatic embryo and adventitious bud were detected and analyzed. Comprehensive analysis of the difference of different sugar treatments on the tissue culture of date palm.【Result】 Increasing fructose in the sucrose culture medium decreased the sucrose content of somatic embryos and adventitious buds, and the glucose content, while increased the fructose content of callus and somatic embryos and the starch content of callus, and increased the callus browning rate. Increasing glucose in the sucrose medium decreased the sucrose and fructose content of adventitious buds, while increased the starch content of callus, somatic embryos and adventitious buds, increased the glucose content of callus and somatic embryos, and increased somatic embryogenesis rate. The starch and sugar content of callus and somatic embryos were significantly higher than that of the starch and sugar content of adventitious bud(P<0.05, the same below). The glucose content of callus was significantly higher than that of the glucose content of somatic embryos and adventitious bud. The sucrose content of somatic embryos was significantly higher than that of the sucrose content of adventitious bud, the sucrose content of adventitious bud was significantly higher than that of the sucrose content of callus. The results of correlation analysis showed that the callus browning rate was extremely significantly positively correlated with the fructose callus(P<0.01, the same below). The somatic embryogenesis rate was extremely significantly positively correlated with sucrose content of somatic embryos, glucose content of callus and somatic embryos, and it was significantly positively correlated with the the starch content of somatic embryos.【Conclusion】 It is necessary to reduce the fructose in the the medium for callus induction and proliferation, and add glucose in the medium for somatic embryogenesis during date palm tissue culture, thereby decrease the callus browning rate and increase the somatic embryogenesis rate.