Investigation on agronomic traits and identification of 4 soilborne diseases resistance of wild Solanaceae rootstock resources in Yunnan

【Objective】To investigate and analyze agronomic characters of Yunnan wild Solanaceae rootstocks, and the materials with resistance to tomato bacterial wilt, canker, fusarium wilt, and Verticillium dahlia of eggplant were screened to provide a theoretical basis for the collection and utilization of excellent disease-resistant rootstocks of Solanaceae.【Method】Taking 29 wild Solanaceae rootstocks in Yunnan as materials, the main agronomic traits and the common diseases and insect pests in the field were statistically evaluated. The comparison in tomato bacterial wilt, canker, fusarium wilt, and V. dahlia of eggplant resistance identification was conducted between excellent rootstock and control(inbred lines of tomato No.5), using the method of principal components analysis(PCA) and cluster heat maps to analyze research resources belong to the relationship between genera.【Result】According to the characteristics of morphology and PCA and cluster analysis results, these materials could be divided into three genera of Solanaceae. There were 17 Solanum resources and they were all upright type. The main stem color was green, the plant height was between 82.42-292.29 cm, the leaf type was ovoid, the dominant green leaves were green and dark green, the corolla color was mainly white, the fruit surface was shiny, the fruit color was mostly orange, and the single fruit weight was between 1.61-433.54 g. There were 7 Lycopersicon resources. The growth habits were mainly infinite growth type, the plant type was mainly semi-vine, the leaf types were common leaf type, complex fine leaf type, and potato leaf type, the leaves were all pinnately compound, the inflorescence type was all single inflorescence, the flower color was all yellow, the fruit was mainly medium fruit type, and the fruit shape was round, oblate and oblong. There were 5 Capsicum resources, they were semi-upright or upright types. The main stem was mainly green in color, the leaves were mainly oval, the corolla was white, the ripe fruit was red, the fruit surface was smooth and shiny, and the fruit tip was mainly blunt and round. The three principal components of principal component analysis could reflect most of the information about the 15 agronomic traits, and the cumulative contribution rate was 82.758%. All 7 of the materials had good disease resistance, growth potential, and adaptability. The thick stems were appropriate, stem leaves no prickle, 5 materials had excellent fruit special characters. At the similar seedling stage, rootstock and scion stem had the same thickness, and there was no prickle in stem and leaves. Out of the 7 materials, 3 resources were immune to bacterial wilting and 2 were highly resistant;2 were immune to the bacterial canker of tomato and 3 of them were high resistance resources;for tomato fusarium wilts, there were only 2 resources of resistance to all rootstocks and no resources of immunity and high resistance. Three samples were immune to V. dahlia, and one had high resistance. In all rootstocks, S-11 was immune to three diseases:tomato bacterial wilt, bacterial canker, and V. dahlia.【Conclusion】The 29 wild Solanaceae resources belong to 3 genera, of which 7 rootstock materials are excellent, S-7 and S-11 are immune to bacterial wilt and canker, and S-11 is immune to tomato bacterial wilt, canker and V. dahlia, which can provide materials for the development and utilization of resistance genes of Solanaceae vegetables, and some Solanaceae rootstock resources have the value of application in production.