Genetic diversity analysis of main agronomic and quality traits of 251 wheat germplasm resources

【Objective】 Genetic diversity analysis of wheat germplasm resources in Ningxia was conducted,screened good germplasm resources,in order to broaden the genetic basis of wheat germplasm resources and provide basic materials for excavating breeding backbone parents in Ningxia.【Method】 Using 251 wheat germplasm resources from domestic and abroad as experimental materials. Variance analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis of their main agronomic and quality traits were conducted,and calculated the Shannon-Wiener genetic diversity index(H')and subordinative function value to evaluate comprehensively wheat germplasm resources.【Result】 The variation coefficient of 10 agronomic traits in 251 wheat germplasms was from 15.01% to 37.01%,the variation coefficient of 9 quality traits was from 2.05% to 12.56%. The genetic diversity index was from 2.17 to 2.30,and the average value was 2.27. There were different degrees of correlation among 10 agronomic traits,and so among 9 quality traits. The 251 wheat germplasm resources were divided into six clusters. Group Ⅰ-Ⅵ included 35,40,53,55,40 and 28 materials,respectively. In them,group Ⅰ was the highest in the average flour yield(69.58%)and volume weight(797.74 g/L). Group Ⅱ was the highest in the average ear length(10.00 cm),fertile spikelet(18.18),kernels per spike(54.07 grains),grain weight per spike(2.30 g),water absorption(62.82%)and hardness index(72.59). Group Ⅲ was the lowest in average plant height(73.53 cm). Group Ⅳwas the highest in the average ear stem length(41.94 cm)and wet gluten content(33.95%),and the average moisture content(11.76%)was the lowest. Group Ⅴ was the highest in the average thousand kernel weight(40.92 g),economic coefficient(0.43)and falling number(356.74 s). Group Ⅵ was the highest in the average tiller number(4.96),spikelet number(19.01),crude protein content(16.10%)and sedimentation value(43.12 mL). It showed that each group contained different excellent traits. 251 wheat germplasm resources were classified for 163 ranks based on the subordinative function value,the materials including name as Huang-3,Ganyu No.4,J076,M6445,Ningchun No.55,Longchun No.34,ND646,Ningchun No.40,Jimai No.20,Longchun No.39,Ningchun No.33,Zhengmai 1308,Ganchun No.24,Longchun No.29,Longchun No.23,Yefeng 315 and Wuchun No.4 were the top 12 ranking.【Conclusion】 The agronomic and quality traits of 251 wheat germplasm resources vary greatly,the genetic diversity is relatively abundant,and 17 excellent varieties by complex evaluation may be used as selectable parents for genetic improvement of agronomic and quality traits for wheat in Ningxia.