Collection,identification and evaluation of rice landraces germplasm resources in Guangxi

【Objective】In order to provide a reference for the protection and utilization of rice landraces germplasm resources in Guangxi, Guangxi rice landrace germplasm resources were collected.【Method】From 2015 to 2019, as a subproject of the Third National Survey and Collection Action on Crop Germplasm Resources, conducted a systematic investigation of rice landrace germplasm resources in Guangxi, where 265 villages in 188 towns (townships) of 61 counties (districts and cities) were surveyed. The distribution characteristics and germplasm types of the collected resources were analyzed, and the phenotypic traits were identified and evaluated.【Result】A total of 476 rice landraces were collected in Guangxi. The results showed rice landraces were distributed in four rice cropping region of Guangxi, and the distribution of rice landraces were most concentrated in six remote areas with less developed economy (Rongshui, Shangsi, Fengshan, Ziyuan, Longlin and Donglan). The vertical distribution of rice landraces were mostly concentrated in the low-middle altitude(0-400 m) area, a total of 232 resources were collected, which accounted for 48.74% of total. Guangxi rice landrace were highly genetically diversity which including indica rice, japonica rice, early season rice, mid-late season rice, nonglutinous rice, glutinous rice, lowland rice, upland rice, deepwater rice, colored rice. Most agronomic traits of rice landrace had abundant variation types. Notably, nine rare and special rice landraces germplasm resources such as fragrant glutinous rice, special rice for rice noodles, large panicle rice and large grain rice were collected, identified and evaluated.【Conclusion】Guangxi rice landrace germplasm resources are highly genetically diversity, most of them has the characteristics of high plant height, many grains per spike, and high rate of fertility. Nine rare and special rice landrace germplasm resources are collected, identified and evaluated, which can be used for commercial development and breeding.