Effects of urbanization on grain production technology efficiency under pressure of environment in China

ObjectiveEffects of urbanization on grain production technical efficiency in different grain functional areas were investigated to provide suggestions for improving grain production technical efficiency of China.MethodData envelop-ment analysis(DEA)model was used to calculate grain production technical efficiencies of 30 provinces in China during 2003-2015.Limited dependent variable(Tobit)model was applied to analyze effects of urbanization on grain production technical effi-ciency in China under environmental pressure from the perspectives of population urbanization,land urbanization and economy urbanization.ResultGrain production technical inefficiency phenomenon occurred in major grain producing areas,grain mar-keting areas and grain balance areas of China.Population urbanization had positive influence on technical efficiency in major grain producing areas and grain balance areas,but it had reverse effects on major grain marketing areas.Land urbanization only had positive effects on technical efficiency of major grain marketing areas.In addition,the emissions of waste gas,waste water and industrial residue caused serious influence on grain ecological environment,and hindered technical efficiency improve-ment.SuggestionThe following suggestions are proposed:giving full play to the advantages of regional function,promoting the specialization of production;promoting the urbanization process,and letting it play a leading role;strengthening the proper treatments of waste gas,waste water and industrial residue,promoting the effective utilization of agricultural resources.