Phosphorus uptake and utilization characteristics of different peanut varieties(lines)

ObjectiveDifference of phosphorus(P)use efficiency and its correlation with yield for different peanut varieties were studied to provide reference for P fertilizer-saving cultivation and high P efficiency peanut variety breeding.MethodSpring peanut sowing field experiments were conducted in Laixi and Zhaoyuan cities in Shandong.Nutritive or-gans and reproductive organs of 34 peanut varieties(lines)bred in different provinces were sampled to determine P con-tents in them,calculate relate indexes of P accumulation and distribution,and analyze the correlation among yield with each index.ResultSignificant difference was found in P contents and accumulation in different organs among various peanut varieties(lines)(P<0.05,the same below).Average values for both P content and accumulation in nutritive organs were lower than those in reproductive organs.However,the variation ranges of P content and accumulation in vegetative organs were larger than those of reproductive organs.In Laixi experimental site,P content in nutritive organs was 2.07-4.06 g/kg,and 6.62-9.08 g/kg in reproductive organs,and P accumulations was 3.9-17.6 kg/ha for nutritive organs and 24.4-57.6 kg/ha for reproductive organs.In Zhaoyuan experimental site,P contents of vegetative organs and reproductive organs were 1.72-3.38 g/kg and 6.33-8.58 g/kg respectively,and P accumulations of the both organs were 5.6-16.0 kg/ha and 33.7-50.7 kg/ha respectively.There was significant difference in P use efficiency and harvest index among different tested peanut varieties(lines). P use efficiency and harvest index in Laixi experiment site were 78.2-119.4 kg/kg and 0.626-0.908 respectively,and the two indexes in Zhaoyuan experiment site were 88.3-134.0 kg/kg and 0.678-0.890 re-spectively.The variation range of the two indexes were small.Pod yields of different peanut varieties(lines)in Laixi and Zhaoyuan experiment sites were 3088.4-6593.5 kg/ha and 4735.2-6723.9 kg/ha respectively.Results of correlation analysis showed that,peanut yield had extremely significant positive correlations with P use efficiency,P harvest index,P accu-mulation of whole plant and P distribution coefficient(P<0.01,the same below).P use efficiency had extremely signifi-cant positive correlations with P harvest index and P distribution coefficient,but it had extremely significant negative correlation with P content of whole plant.ConclusionThere is significant difference in P accumulation,distribution,uti-lization characteristics and pod yield among different peanut varieties(lines).Appropriately increasing biomass yield,con-trolling P content and improving P distributive proportion of pod is efficient path for increasing both high yield and high P efficiency of peanut.Ten varieties(lines)including TF 20 are classified into high yield and high P efficiency type.These varieties have high biomass yield,moderate P content and large P distributive proportion in pod.