Abstract: ObjectiveThe optimal density and fertilization rate for Bama hemp was identified to provide theoretical references for the cultivation of Bama hemp . MethodThe two- factor randomized block design method was used for analyzing the influence of different planting densities (A1:60000 plants/ha, A2:90000 plants/ha, A3:120000 plants/a) and fertilizer rates (B1:450 kg/ha, B2:750 kg/ha, B3:1050 kg/ha) on sowing stage, male plant squaring stage, male plant flower stage , female plant fruiting stage , plant height , stem diameter , effective branch number , 1000-grain weight, the proportion of male and female and seed yield of Bama hemp. ResultThe growth of Bama hemp was obvi-ously different under different treatments. Other agronomic traits were not significantly varied except the stem diameter of male plant. Great difference existed in the seed yield of hemp under different treatments. Yield ranking was A2B3>A3B1>A2B2>A3B2>A3B3>A1B1>A1B2>A2B1>A1B3. The yield of A2B3 was 1351.88 kg/ha, which was markedly higher than that of A1B2,A2B1 and A1B3(P<0.05). ConclusionThe yield of Bama hemp can be affected by diffident planting densities and fertilizer rates. Increasing planting density and fertilizer rate is key for high yield. The planting density of 90000 plants/ha and the fertilizer rate of 1050 kg/ha (17-17-17) is the best for high yield of hemp.