稻鸭共育下硅肥对精量穴直播水稻茎秆抗倒伏性和产量的影响

张巫军; 段秀建; 李茂瑜; 刘强明; 唐永群; 李经勇; 姚雄

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2023.12.001

稻鸭共育下硅肥对精量穴直播水稻茎秆抗倒伏性和产量的影响

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2023.12.001

1 重庆市农业科学院/重庆再生稻研究中心, 重庆 401329;
2 重庆市种子站, 重庆 401121

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（31701382）；国家现代农业产业体系项目（CARS-01-25）；重庆市现代农业产业技术体系项目（CQMAITS202301）；永川区技术创新与应用发展专项（2022yc-cxfz30010）

详细信息

作者简介:
张巫军（1986-）,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4066-8534,博士,副研究员,主要从事水稻生理生态及轻简栽培技术研究工作,E-mail： zhangwj881125@163.com

通讯作者:
姚雄（1983-）,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-9351,博士,研究员,主要从事水稻生理生态及机械化轻简栽培技术研究与推广工作,E-mail： yaoxiong0004@163.com

中图分类号: S511.32
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-31

Effects of silicon fertilizer application on lodging resistance and grain yield of rice in the rice-duck farming system under preci sion hill-direct-seeding

1 Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Chongqing Ratooning Rice Research Center, Chongqing 401329, China;
2 Chongqing Seed Station, Chongqing 401121, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China（31701382）；China Agriculture Research System （CARS-01-25）；Chongqing Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System（CQMAITS202301）；Yongchuan Technology Innovation and Application Development Project （2022yc-cxfz30010）

摘要

摘要: 【目的】探讨稻鸭共育下硅肥调控精量穴直播水稻茎秆力学、形态结构和物质积累分配机理及其与茎秆抗倒伏性和产量的关系，为稻鸭共育应用于水稻轻简化栽培提供理论基础和实践依据。【方法】以渝香优8133、渝香203、渝两优86、C两优华占和黄华占为试验材料，设不施硅肥+养鸭（D）、施硅肥+养鸭（DS）、施硅肥+不养鸭（S）和不施硅肥+不养鸭（CK） 4个处理，测定产量及产量构成要素、力学指标、节间长度、茎粗、壁厚、叶面积指数、茎和鞘充实度及单株茎、叶、穗干质量，分析水稻茎秆力学特征、形态结构、物质积累与茎秆抗倒伏性和产量的关系。【结果】与CK相比， D、S和DS处理产量分别增加3.7%~25.8%、4.9%~17.3%和0~23.4%，其中DS处理下渝香203、渝香优8133和C两优华占分别增加17.3%、23.4%和9.5%，差异达显著水平（P<0.05，下同）。D、S和DS处理的倒伏指数分别较CK降低8.8%~12.4%、8.0%~13.6%和12.2%~30.2%，其中以DS处理降幅达显著水平，品种间趋势一致。DS处理下，茎秆折断弯矩较CK提高13.4%~44.7%，是倒伏指数显著降低的主要原因，品种间渝香优8133、渝香203和渝两优86归因于断面模数增大， C两优华占和黄华占归因于弯曲应力增强。与CK相比， DS处理提高了精量穴直播水稻基节茎、鞘充实度、茎粗和壁厚，增加了抽穗期和成熟期单茎和鞘干质量，提高了茎秆折断弯矩。相关分析结果表明，穗长、下部节间、中部节间和上部节间均与倒伏指数呈极显著正相关（P<0.01，下同），基部节间茎和鞘充实度、茎粗、壁厚及抽穗期和成熟期单株茎干质量与折断弯矩呈显著或极显著正相关。【结论】稻鸭共育下施用硅肥可增强基节粗度和壁厚，提高节间茎鞘充实度和茎秆质量，进而增强精量穴直播水稻茎秆机械强度和抗倒伏性。
- 精量穴直播水稻 /
- 稻鸭共育 /
- 硅肥 /
- 形态结构 /
- 抗倒伏 /
- 产量
Abstract: 【Objective】The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of stem mechanics，morphology structure and dry matter accumulation and distribution of rice in the rice-duck farming system under precision hill-directseeding and its relationship with lodging resistance and yield，which provided theoretical and practical basis for the appli cation of rice-duck farming system in light and simplified rice cultivation.【Method】Field experiments were conducted with four treatments， including no silicon fertilizer with raising ducks in paddy field（D）， applying silicon fertilizer with raising ducks in paddy field（DS）， applying silicon fertilizer and no ducks in paddy field（S） and no silicon fertilizer and no ducks in paddy field（CK）by using rice varieties Yuxiangyou 8133（YXY8133）， Yuxiang 203（YX203）， Yuliangyou 86（YLY86）， C Liangyouhuazhan（CLYHZ） and Huanghuazhan（HHZ） . Rice yield and yield components，mechanical indexes， length of internodes，culm diameter，culm wall thickness，leaf area index，stem and leaf sheath dry weight per unit length，stem dry weight per plant，leaf dry weight per plant，panicle dry weight per plant were detected，the relation ship between mechanical characteristics，morphology structure，material accumulation，lodging resistance and yield of rice were analyzed.【Result】Compared with CK， D， S and DS treatments increased grain yield by 3.7%-25.8%， 4.9% -17.3% and 0-23.4%，respectively. Among them，grain yields of YX203， YXY8133 and CLYHZ in DS treatments signifi cantly increased by 17.3%，23.4% and 9.5%， respectively（P<0.05，the same below） . Compared with CK， D， S and DS treatments declined lodging index by 8.8%-12.4%， 8.0%-13.6% and 12.2%-30.2%， respectively. Among them，the de crease of DS treatment reached a significant level，and the trend was consistent among varieties. The stem breaking strength in DS treatment were enhanced by 13.4%-44.7% compared with CK， which contributed to significant reduction in lodging index. Among the varieties，YXY8133， YX203 and YLY86 were attributed to the increase of section modulus， and CLYHZ and HHZ were attributed to the increase of bending stress. Compared with CK， DS treatment increased the basal internode culm，leaf sheath dry weight per unit length，stem diameter and wall thickness，increased the dry weight of single stem sheath at heading stage and mature stage，and improved the stem quality and breaking strength. Correlation analysis showed that spike length，lower internode，middle internode and upper internode were extremely significantly positively correlated with lodging index，and basal internode stem，sheath leaf sheath weight per unit length，stem diam eter，wall thickness，stem dry weight at heading stage and mature stage were significantly or extremely significantly posi tively correlated with breaking strength.【Conclusion】Silicon fertilizer application in rice-duck farming system can en hance the internode diame-ter and wall thickness，improve the internode leaf sheath weight per unit length and stem weight， and then enhance the mechanical strength and lodging resistance of rice stem under precision-hill-direct-seeding.
- precision-hill-direct-seeding rice /
- rice-duck farming system /
- silicon fertilizer /
- morphological traits /
- lodging resistance /
- grain yield

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稻鸭共育下硅肥对精量穴直播水稻茎秆抗倒伏性和产量的影响

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2023.12.001

作者简介:
张巫军（1986-）,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4066-8534,博士,副研究员,主要从事水稻生理生态及轻简栽培技术研究工作,E-mail： zhangwj881125@163.com

通讯作者:
姚雄（1983-）,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-9351,博士,研究员,主要从事水稻生理生态及机械化轻简栽培技术研究与推广工作,E-mail： yaoxiong0004@163.com

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Effects of silicon fertilizer application on lodging resistance and grain yield of rice in the rice-duck farming system under preci sion hill-direct-seeding

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留言板

稻鸭共育下硅肥对精量穴直播水稻茎秆抗倒伏性和产量的影响

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2023.12.001

作者简介: 张巫军（1986-）,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4066-8534,博士,副研究员,主要从事水稻生理生态及轻简栽培技术研究工作,E-mail： zhangwj881125@163.com

通讯作者: 姚雄（1983-）,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-9351,博士,研究员,主要从事水稻生理生态及机械化轻简栽培技术研究与推广工作,E-mail： yaoxiong0004@163.com

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Effects of silicon fertilizer application on lodging resistance and grain yield of rice in the rice-duck farming system under preci sion hill-direct-seeding

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
张巫军（1986-）,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4066-8534,博士,副研究员,主要从事水稻生理生态及轻简栽培技术研究工作,E-mail： zhangwj881125@163.com

通讯作者:
姚雄（1983-）,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-9351,博士,研究员,主要从事水稻生理生态及机械化轻简栽培技术研究与推广工作,E-mail： yaoxiong0004@163.com