Abstract: High temperature stress is a kind of abiotic stress that often occurs in wheat production, which has a seriously impact on wheat yield and quality. Studying the physiological mechanism of wheat high temperature tolerance, and cloning high temperature tolerance genes have been research hotspots at home and abroad. Here, the researchers summarized the effects of high temperature on wheat photosynthesis, cell membrane stability, the content of osmotic regulatory substance, the activity of reactive oxygen species scavenging system, the synthesis of chlorophyll. Also, the researchers concluded the QTLs related to high temperature tolerance, including heads per unit area, kernels per head, thousand-kernel weight, contents of soluble sugar, canopy temperature, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameter; generalized the genes that ralated to high temperature tolerance, most of these genes were transcription factors. In view of the research progress of wheat functional genes in high temperature tolerance was backward, the researchers proposed to strengthen wheat germplasm resources creation and the research of high-throughput artificial intelligence identification technology, which could provide breeding materials and technical support for gene discovery and breeding; accelerated the cloning process of wheat high temperature tolerance genes, which could provide genes for new variety breeding; enhanced the application of gene editing and transgenic technology in wheat high temperature tolerance breeding, which could reali-ze molecular design breeding the precise improvement in wheat high temperature tolerance.