Abstract: 【Objective】To evaluate common wheat and its related species based on agronomic and grain quality traits and molecular markers related to Fe and Zn content in grain, and to select excellent breeding parents, so as to provide excellent parents for breeding productive, high-quality wheat spacies in Ningxia.【Method】One hundred and three common wheat and its related species from China and abroad were taken as materials. By means of variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, two-dimensional ranking analysis and molecular marker analysis, nine agronomic traits and 9 grain quality traits were analyzed, and the distributions of molecular markers related mental Fe or Zn content were detected to select excellent breeding parents.【Result】The variation coefficient of 9 agronomic characters was from 10.37% to 25.26%, and the average value was 18.37%. Among them, the variation coefficient of grain weight per spike, tiller number, plant height, spike length were higher than average. The variation coefficient of 9 agronomic characters was from 1.95% to 13.83%, and the average value was 6.57%. Among them, the variation coefficient of sedimentation value, wet gluten content, crude protein content, falling number were higher than average. The contribution rates of the first 4 principal components of 9 agronomic traits were 40.57%, 23.77%, 14.18% and 8.48% respectively, and the rate of cumulative contribution was 87.00%. The contribution rates of the first 4 principal components of 9 grain quality traits were 40.06%, 23.56%, 12.87% and 11.27% respectively, and the rate of cumulative contribution was 87.76%, indicating that the first 4 components were representative in comprehensive agronomic and grain quality traits. Based on two-dimensional ranking and comprehensive evaluation value(D), ten materials with good agronomic traits were selected, they were Ningchun No. 31, Ningchun No. 32, Ningchun No. 33, Ningchun No. 41, Ningchun No. 56, ND646, Yongliang No. 15, M6445, Ningchun No.51, Zhonghuamai No.1. There were also 10 materials with good grain quality, including Triticum durum Desf. from Yunnan, T. yunnanense King., T. durum Desf. from Jiangsu, T. monococcum L., T. spelta L., Xinjiang wheat, T. dicoccoides Körn., Jinghui No.1, Wheat Barley and Dahongmai. Ten molecular markers related to Fe or Zn content, Xwmc382-2A, WMC59-1A, gwm391-3A, Xwmc74-5A, Xwmc488-7A, cfa2129-1B, gwm120-2B, Xcfa2049-7A, Xbarc29-7A and Xcfd31-7A, were distributed in 47, 65, 14, 47, 69, 100, 22, 100, 51 and 100 wheat materials respectively and distribution frequency was 13.59% to 97.09%.【Conclusion】Based on the analysis of agronomic and grain quality traits and molecular marker-assisted selection, common wheat and its related species can be evaluated and screened efficiently and accurately. Ten materials with excellent agronomic traits and 10 materials with excellent grain quality traits were selected, and they can be used as breeding parents for agronomy and quality improvement of wheat in Ningxia.