Abstract: 【Objective】 Spraying the foliar nutrition of calcium and magnesium on Feizixiao litchi was explored for the effect on the main fruit quality to provide some theoretical reference and technical support for the actual production of litchi in China.【Method】 During the period of fruit growth and development, Litchi chinensis Sonn. cv. Feizixiao fruits which were sprayed 0.3% magnesium chloride(Mg), 0.3% calcium chloride(Ca) and their mixture(Ca+Mg), and clear water(CK) as experimental materials. Observed the colour angle on the peel, mineral nutrition in the pulp, and the content of soluble sugar and titratable acid to analyze the characteristics of nutritional flavor quality on pulp and the relationship with calcium and magnesium nutrition.【Result】 The soluble sugar content reached the highest value on 63 d after flowering in Mg treatment, Ca treatment, Ca+Mg treatment and CK, and Ca treatmentand Ca+Mg treatment promoted the accumulation of soluble sugar content. Mg treatmentand Ca treatment were stained in advance and the final color of Mg treatment was the reddest. The Ca+Mg treatment delayed coloration, whereas, at 73 d after anthesis, it was completely coloration as the same as other treatments and CK on peel, and its pulp was not sugar-dropping, while Ca treatment, Mg treatment and CK showed sugar-dropping. Ca and Ca+Mg treatments might inhibit titratable acid accumulation in pulp, while Mg treatment promoted the accumulation of titratable acid in pulp. In terms of the ratio of sugar to acid, Ca treatment and Ca+Mg treatment improved the comprehensive flavor quality of pulp, while Mg treatment had no effect on it, and it was greatly affected by the content of titratable acid in the later stage. Different treatments had no obviously effect on the content of water-soluble calcium in flesh, and only significantly affected the content of water-soluble magnesium before day 50 after anthesis. Unary linear regression analysis showed that there were extremely significant positive correlation between the content of water-soluble calcium and the content of water-soluble magnesium of different treatments and CK on pulp. Typicality correlation analysis showed that the contents of titratable acid in the pulp of CK and different treatments were positively correlated with the content of water-soluble calcium or water-soluble magnesium, and the content of soluble sugar in the pulp of Ca+Mg treatment was also positively correlated with the content of water-soluble magnesium. Therefore, the application of calcium and magnesium fertilizer has a positive effect on the fruit quality of Feizixiao litchi.【Conclusion】 In conclusion, foliar spraying of calcium and magnesium fertilizer does have an effect on fruit quality of Feizixiao Litchi. It can be seen that spraying 0.3% magnesium chloride solves the problem of stay-green of peel, 0.3%calcium chloride improves the quality of fruit and spraying their mixture overcomes the phenomenon of sugar-dropping of pulp, which can be applied as technology in production.