Abstract: ObjectiveImpact mechanism of wheat planting areas in six main wheat planting provinces in China was studied to provide reference for ensuring wheat planting areas and maintaining grain security.MethodWheat planting areas were set as the evaluation standard for the implementation of minimum grain purchase price policy.A fixed effect variable coefficient model of quantitative analysis were used to research the impacts of minimum purchase price of wheat, family burden coefficient,income gap between urban and rural areas,agricultural machinery total power and proportion of migrant workers on wheat planting areas.ResultThere were differences in the factors affecting the planting area of wheat in the six provinces.The main influencing factors in Sichuan Province were the minimum purchase price of wheat, followed by income gap between urban and rural areas.The main influencing factor in Hubei Province was income gap be-tween urban and rural areas. Total power of agricultural machinery had the greatest influence on Anhui,Shandong and Jiangsu.Proportion of migrant workers in Anhui,Shandong,Henan,Sichuan had positive impact on wheat planting areas, and the impact on Henan Province was the maximum. But proportion of migrant workers had positive impact on wheat planting areas in Hubei and Jiangsu.SuggestionThe following suggestions are proposed:to formulate differentiated local supporting policies to improve policy pertinence and applicability;to promote agricultural supply-side structural reforms to make up for the weak point in grain production system;to improve agricultural socialization service system and to raise the level of agricultural mechanization services.