Abstract: ObjectiveSugarcane bagasse processing technique by utilizing alkaline-H2O2 combined with ultrasonic was optimized to provide reference for further utilization of sugarcane bagasse.MethodAlkaline-H2O2 was utilized to-gether with ultrasonic to process bagasse,and the factors effecting the contents of holocellulose and lignin in treated ba-gasse were analyzed using single factor experiments and response surface method.The optimal process conditions were de-termined.ResultNaOH mass concentration,H2O2 volume fraction,ultrasonic action time,and interaction between every two factors had extremely significant influence(P<0.01)on ratio of holocellulose to lignin(H/L)in sugarcane bagasse. The optimal sugarcane bagasse processing technique by utilizing alkaline-H2O2 combined with ultrasonic was as follows:NaOH mass concentration 4.9%,H2O2 volume fraction 3.8%,ultrasonic action time 2.1 h.Under these conditions,the ac-tual H/L in sugarcane bagasse was 10.01,coinciding with the predicted value(10.03).The content of lignin and holocellu-lose were 9.03% and 90.57% respectively.ConclusionThe alkaline-H2O2 process combined with ultrasonic optimized by response surface method can effectively remove lignin and maintain holocellulose to the greatest extent.This method can provide technical support for further development and utilization of sugarcane bagasse.