Abstract: ObjectiveVariations of anthocyanin contents and nutrient component contents of yardlong bean varieties with various pod colors were studied in order to provide reference for breeding of yardlong bean and large-scale planting.MethodYardlong bean varieties Sujiang 1419(white pod), Suzi 41(purple pod), Suqing 29(green pod) and Sujiang No. 3(green-white pod) were selected as the materials. Anthocyanin,mineral(calcium,magnesium and iron) and conventional nutrient contents(soluble protein,soluble total sugar,cellulose,vitamin C,starc,dry matter and fat) in different develop-ment periods of tender pods and commercial pods were measured and analyzed. ResultAs for commercial pods, the con-tent of anthocyanin in Suzi 41 was 330.48 nmol/gFW,which was extremely significantly higher than that of the other three varieties(P<0.01). Content of calcium in Sujiang 1419 was the highest(1295.75 mg/kgDW),which was significantly(P<0.05) higher than that of Suijiang No.3 and Suzi 41.The four yardlong bean varieties with different pod colors had their own prominent conventional nutrient contents. During development period of pods,there were significant or obvious changes in anthocyanin content(3.92-30.98 nmol/gFW) of Sujiang 1419,Sujiang No.3 and Suqing 29,but the variation range of which was lower than that of Suzi 41(174.33-644.52 nmol/gFW). The changes of soluble protein content was in an up-down trend in Sujiang 1419,Sujiang No.3 and Suzi 41,but it appeared up-down-up trend in Suqing 29. The total soluble sugar content rised continuously in Sujiang 1419,Suqing 29 and Sujiang No.3,but it rose and then fell in Suzi 41. The highest value of vitamin C content appeared at early pod(30 cm in length) stage in Sujiang 1419 and Suqing 29,but it was at late pod in Sujiang No.3(40 cm in length) and Suzi 41(50 cm in length). Cellulose content of the four yardlong bean va-rieties with different pod colors showed an increasing trend. There were synergic relationship or antagonism relationship be-tween anthocyanin content and nutrient component contents in pods of different yardlong beans. ConclusionSuzi 41 with purple pods contains the highest content of anthocyanins; Suqing 29 with green pods contains high content of cellulose and low content of fat; Sujiang 1419 with white pods contains high calcium and fat content and Sujiang No.3 with green-white pods contains general nutrient content. These characteristics can be used for breeding special varieties of yardlong bean and its large-scale planting.