Abstract: ObjectiveInheritance of chromosome was studied in the process of hybridization between sugarcane(Saccha-rum officinarum) and intergeneric hybrid complex(Erianthus arundinaceus × Saccharum spontaneum) to lay a good founda-tion for exploration of optimum backcross generations. MethodThe backcross progenies from sugarcane (S. officinarum) and intergeneric hybrid (E. arundinaceus×S. spontaneum) were identified with four pairs of SSR primers and chromo-some number for the hybrids was calculated by means of cell wall degradation hypotonic smear method. ResultAll 28 progenies, 15 BC1 progenies from GT05-164 and GXASF108-2-28 and 13 BC2 progenies from GT42 and GXASBC112-A6-25, were confirmed as hybrids. Chromosome numbers of progenies(five BC1 hybrids and seven BC2 hybrids) in which am-plification of paternal characteristics band occurred in two pairs of SSR primers were observed. The somatic chromosome num-bers of five BC1 hybrids and seven BC2 hybrids were 95-98 and 94-101, respectively, all following the law of n+n. Conclu-sionChromosome transmission in BC1 and BC2 hybrids of backcross progeny from sugarcane and intergeneric hybrid follows n+n mode. Chromosome numbers female parent sugarcane(S. officinarum) are not doubled, and nobilisation progress slows down. More generations may be needed to obtain superior varieties(lines) of E. arundinaceus and S. spontaneum consanguinity.