4种柱花草种子萌发形态的观察与分析

Observation on germinating seed morphogensis of four kinds of stylo

  • 摘要: 【目的】观察4种柱花草种子形态特征并分析其萌发过程中的形态变化,为深入研究柱花草的种子特性、发育机理以及胚萌发提供依据。【方法】对4种柱花草(热研2号柱花草、维拉诺有钩柱花草、西卡柱花草和马弓形柱花草)种子进行萌发试验,观察萌发过程中胚的变化,并测定胚根和胚芽长。【结果】4种柱花草种子的荚果外形、种皮颜色各不相同,其种子萌发的过程基本相同,大体可分为5个形态。不同品种间在子叶颜色、胚芽长出时间和幼芽长度上存在差异,热研2号柱花草、有钩柱花草、西卡柱花草和马弓形柱花草分别在幼芽生长到5.7、4.0、4.0和3.2 cm时子叶展开;有钩柱花草萌发第5 d时胚芽伸出,其他3种柱花草均在萌发第4 d时胚芽伸出;除西卡柱花草未发出侧根外,其他3种柱花草均有侧根发出;西卡柱花草和热研2号柱花草的幼芽长度较长,其次为有钩柱花草,马弓形柱花草幼芽长度最短。【结论】种子荚果、种皮颜色、萌发时的子叶颜色、胚芽长出时间及幼芽长度的差异可作为柱花草种子特性、发育机理及胚萌发研究的依据。

     

    Abstract: ObjectiveSeed morphological characteristics and the changes in seed germination process of four kinds of stylo were observed and analyzed to provide references for further study on seed characteristics , developmental mech-anism , embryo germination and stylo cross breeding . MethodFour kinds of stylo , including S. guianensis SW . cv . Reyan No.2, S. hamata(L.)Taub.cv. Verano, S. scabra Vog cv. Seca and S. hippocampoides Fine stem stylo were used to investigate embryo changes, germ and radicle length in the germination. ResultThe results showed that pod shape and coat color of seeds of four stylo varieties were different , but the processes of seed germination were basically the same, which could be divided into 5 morphological types. Different varieties varied in cotyledon color, germ growth time and plumule length. The cotyledon of Reyan No.2, Verano, Seca and S. hippocampoides Fine stem stylo expanded when buds grew to 5.7, 4.0, 4.0 and 3.2 centimeters, respectively. Germ of Verano stylo ran out on fifth day of seed germination, while the other three kinds of stylo on the fourth day. Except Seca stylo, the other three types had lateral roots. The bud length of Seca and Reyan No.2 stylo was longer than Verano Stylo , and Fine stem stylo was the short-est . ConclusionSeed pod , seed coat color and cotyledon color during the germination , germ growth time and plumule length are different among the four varieties of stylo. These differences can be used as research indicators for seed characteristics, seed development mechanism and embryo germination.

     

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