2006~2015年广西优质常规稻育种现状分析

Breeding status of high-quality inbred conventional rice varieties in Guangxi from 2006 to 2015

  • 摘要: 目的了解广西优质常规稻的育种现状,为优质常规稻育种研究提供理论依据.方法对国家水稻数据中心公布的优质常规稻品种数据进行统计分析,并针对当前广西优质常规稻育种工作中存在的问题提出解决对策.结果广西优质常规稻整体米质水平改善明显,个别米质指标有待加强;产量水平表现稳定;穗粒指标改善明显.但粒型上与国际品牌存在差距;个别米质指标不匹配;品种抗病性差;优质香稻品种缺乏;功能型米品种开发严重落后.建议重点改良粒型、降低垩白率和垩白度、选择中低直链淀粉含量和高胶稠度的材料,提高稻米的整精米率,提高品种的抗性对优质香稻品种和功能米进行引进与开发.

     

    Abstract: ObjectiveThrough studying breeding status of high-quality inbred conventional rice varieties in Guangxi, the present research aimed to provide theoretical basis for high-quality conventional rice breeding. MethodData about high-quality inbred conventional rice varieties released by China Rice Data Center were analyzed, in a bid to propose sug-gestions to solve current problems in Guangxi high-quality inbred conventional rice breeding. ResultOverall rice quality in Guangxi improved greatly, yet certain quality indexes needed to be strengthened; the yield was stable; panicle indexes enhanced. However, grain shape still lagged behind international brands;certain rice indexes failed to reach the standard;disease resistance was weak; lack of high-quality aromatic rice varieties; functional rice varieties development was poor.SuggestionFollowing suggestions are put forward: improving grain shape, reducing chalky kernel percentage and chalki-ness degree, selecting the materials with low and medium amylose content, and high gel consistency so as to enhance head rice rate and disease resistance;bringing in and developing aromatic rice and functional rice varieties.

     

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