叶面喷施不同植物酵素营养液对沃柑产量和品质的影响

Effects of foliar spraying different plant Jiaosu nutrient solutions on yield and quality of Orah

  • 摘要:目的】探究不同植物酵素营养液对沃柑产量和品质的影响,为沃柑生产及果蔬废弃物资源化利用提供科学参考。【方法】对果实膨大成熟期的沃柑果树叶片均匀喷施不同植物酵素营养液,处理A和处理B的植物酵素营养液分别由沃柑残次果和包菜残叶作为原料制成,另设喷施等量纯净水作对照处理(CK),测定不同处理叶片的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值),叶片和果实的氮、磷、钾、氨基酸含量,果实产量性状及部分品质指标,并对叶片指标、果实质量及果实品质指标进行相关分析。【结果】喷施植物酵素营养液的2个处理均能有效提高沃柑叶片的SPAD值、单果重、叶片和果实的氨基酸总含量,均显著高于CK(P<0.05,下同),且处理A效果优于处理B;喷施植物酵素营养液能显著提高叶片的氮含量,但对沃柑果实氮、磷、钾含量影响较小。维生素C、可溶性糖和总糖含量及糖酸比等是影响果实品质的正向指标,处理A的4项指标均显著高于处理B和CK,处理B除糖酸比显著高于CK外,其余3项指标与CK均无显著差异(P>0.05);从影响沃柑果实品质的负向指标(总酸和粗纤维含量)来看,处理A的2项指标含量均为最低,且显著低于CK。各指标相关性网络图表明,喷施植物酵素营养液可能通过影响叶片SPAD值及氮、钾和氨基酸含量从而间接影响沃柑的产量和品质。【结论】叶面喷施2种植物酵素营养液通过影响叶片叶绿素含量、氨基酸含量等从而提高沃柑的产量和品质,其中利用原植株果实为原料制备的植物酵素营养液效果更佳。

     

    Abstract:Objective】This study aimed to investigate the effects of different plant Jiaosu nutrient solutions on yield and quality of Orah, providing reference for Orah production and fruit and vegetable waste valorization.【Method】Diffe-rent plant Jiaosu nutrient solutions were uniformly sprayed on leaves of Orah trees at the fruit expansion-ripening stage. Plant Jiaosu nutrient solutions used on treatment A and treatment B were made from cull Orah fruits and discarded cabbage leaves, with an equal spray of purified water as the control treatment (CK). Relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value), nitrogen content, phosphorus content, potassium content, amino acid content in leaves and fruits, fruit yield traits, and quality indicators under different treatments were determined. Correlation analysis was conducted on leaf indicators, fruit mass, and fruit quality indicators.【Result】The two treatments of spraying plant Jiaosu nutrient solutions effectively increased the SPAD value of leaves, single fruit weight, and total amino acid contents in leaves and fruits, which were significantly higher than those of CK (P<0.05, the same below); the treatment A exhibited better effects than treatment B. Spraying plant Jiaosu nutrient solutions significantly increased the nitrogen content of leaves, but had little effects on nitrogen content, phosphorus content, and potassium content in Orah fruits. Vitamin C content, soluble sugar contents, total sugar content, and sugar-acid ratio were positive indicators affecting fruit quality. The four indicators of treatment A were significantly higher than those of treatment B and CK; for treatment B, only the sugar-acid ratio was significantly higher than that of the CK, whereas the other three parameters showed no significant differences compared with CK (P>0.05). In terms of the negative indicators affecting Orah fruit quality (total acid content and crude fiber content), treatment A had the lowest values of both indicators, which were significantly lower than CK. The correlation network diagram of indicators showed that spraying Jiaosu nutrient solutions might affect the yield and quality of Orah fruits indirectly by influencing SPAD value, nitrogen content, potassium content, and amino acid content of leaves.【Conclusion】Foliar spraying the two Jiaosu nutrient solutions increase yield and quality of Orah by influencing indicators such as chlorophyll content, amino acid content, and Jiaosu nutrient solutions prepared from fruits of the same plant species show better efficacy.

     

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