Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the effects of stem mustard green manure and tobacco stalk biochar on the growth of flue-cured tobacco， soil nutrients， and the composition， diversity， and abundance of the specific functional bacterial communities in bacteria population， which could provide theoretical basis for the promotion of the green manure-tobacco rotation mode in the Chongqing tobacco-growing area and the resource utilization of agricultural residues. 【Method】 Taking flue-cured tobacco variety K326 as the research object， four treatments were set up：no soil amendments control （CK）， stem mustard green manure alone（T1）， tobacco stalk biochar alone （T2）， stem mustard green manure + tobacco stalk biochar （T3）. Seven days after tobacco topping， agronomic traits including plant height， stem circumference， effective leaf number， length and width of waist leaves were measured， and leaf area was calculated. After flue-curing， economic traits such as yield were assessed. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected at the tobacco maturing stage to determine major soil chemical properties. Meanwhile， bioinformatic approaches were adopted to analyze the characteristics of soil bacterial communities. 【Result】 T1 and T3 effectively promoted the growth of flue-cured tobacco， with greater length， width and leaf area of waist leaf than CK； T1， T2 and T3 increased tobacco yield and output value， with T3 exhibiting the highest green trash removal yield and output value among all groups， and being significantly higher than other treatments （P<0.05， the same below）. No significant difference in agronomic traits was observed between T2 and CK （P>0.05， the same below）. Compared with CK， soil pH was significantly decreased in T1 and T2， while no significant change was observed in T3. Soil organic matter was significantly increased only in T2. In terms of available nutrient， compared with CK， the available potassium contents were significantly increased in T1， T2， and T3， with increases of 111.11%， 175.08%， and 161.39% respectively. Available phosphorus contents of T1 and T2 were significantly elevated by 56.97% and 85.63%， while their alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen contents increased significantly by 40.00% and 24.62% respectively. The total nitrogen content was significantly increased by 11.86% only in T1. Actinobacteriota， Proteobacteria， Chloroflexi， Patescibacteria， and Acidobacteriota were the dominant phyla across all four treatments， accounting for 86.14%-87.51% of the total relative abundance. Among the top 15 bacterial populations， compared with CK， the relative abundance of Jatrophihabitans was significantly increased， while those of Sphingomonas and Streptomyces were significantly decreased in T1， and the relative abundances of Streptomyces and Ralstonia were significantly increased， while that of Sphingomonas was significantly decreased in T2. The relative abundances of Sphingomonas and Streptomyces were significantly increased， while that of Chujaibacter was significantly decreased in T3. Results of principal coordinates analysis showed significant differences in bacterial community among different treatments. 【Conclusion】 Stem mustard green manure and tobacco stalk biochar can regulate bacterial community structure by altering the abundance and functions of beneficial microbial groups in rhizosphere soil， thereby improving agronomic traits and increasing the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco. Among all treatments， the combined application of stem mustard green manure and tobacco stalk biochar exhibits superior comprehensive effects in promoting tobacco growth， elevating yield and output value， improving soil chemical properties， and optimizing structure and diversity bacterial communities.