Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the effects of intercropping maize （Zea mays）and soybeans （Glycine max） on the rhizosphere soil characteristics and microbial community features of Platostoma palustre，which could provide theoretical basis for the promotion of intercropping patterns of Platostoma palustre. 【Method】 A field randomized block design was adopted， with four treatments： Platostoma palustre monoculture （P）， soybean/Platostoma palustre intercropping （GP）， maize/Platostoma palustre intercropping （ZP）， and soybean/Platostoma palustre/maize intercropping （GPZ）. Rhizosphere soil samples of Platostoma palustre were collected at the maturity stage to determine soil pH， nutrient content， enzyme activities. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze soil microbial diversity and community structure under different treatments. Principal component analysis was employed to clarify the relationships between soil factors and microbial communities. 【Result】 Compared with the P treatment， all three intercropping patterns significantly increased the total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents in the rhizosphere soil of Platostoma palustre （P>0.05， the same below）， but significantly decreased the available potassium content and the activities of catalase， sucrase， and acid phosphatase. GPZ treatment also increased soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content， while GP treatment enhanced urease activity. However， there was no significant difference in soil pH among different treatments （P<0.05）. Intercropping of Platostoma palustre enhanced the diversity and richness of rhizosphere soil bacteria community， with GP treatment showing great improvement. GPZ treatment increased the total bacterial and fungal OTU counts and the number of unique bacterial and fungal OTUs in the rhizosphere soil， while also enhancing fungal species richness but reducing fungal species diversity. Intercropping did not alter the types of dominant bacterial and fungal phyla but significantly changed their relative abundances， leading to a reduction in the number of unique phyla and community convergence. GPZ treatment enriched Bacteroidetes bacteria， while ZP treatment enriched Actinobacteria. Principal component analysis results showed that phyla such as Proteobacteria， Acidobacteria， and Bacteroidetes were positively correlated with soil pH and negatively correlated with total nitrogen， total potassium， and available potassium contents. Genera such as Colletotrichum， Novosphingobium， Sphingomonas were significantly and positively correlated with soil pH and urease activity， and significantly and negatively correlated with soil sucrase activity， acid phosphatase activity， total potassium content， and available potassium content. 【Conclusion】 Different intercropping patterns significantly alter the contents of total phosphorus， available phosphorus， and available potassium， as well as soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of Platostoma palustre， and significantly improve bacterial diversity and richness. Soybean/maize/Platostoma palustre compound intercropping is recommended to enhance soil organic matter and nitrogen contents. In cases where the planting soil is barren， it is suggested to increase potassium fertilizer application and supplement organic matter in actual production to balance nutrient competition among crops and achieve sustainable and efficient cultivation of Platostoma palustre.