番茄品种对番茄潜叶蛾生长发育和繁殖的影响及寄主适宜性评价

Effects of tomato varieties on the growth, development, and reproduction of Tuta absoluta and evaluation of host suitability

  • 摘要: 【目的】 明确不同番茄品种对番茄潜叶蛾(Tuta absoluta)生长发育和繁殖的影响,综合评价番茄潜叶蛾寄主适宜性,为番茄抗虫品种筛选和区域品种布局提供科学依据。【方法】 以绚丽、蜜粉、千禧和金玲珑4个代表性番茄品种为材料,在恒温恒湿的人工气候室条件下,分别测定番茄潜叶蛾在4个番茄品种上的发育历期、存活率和产卵量等指标,并采用年龄—龄期两性生命表分析其种群增长参数。【结果】番茄潜叶蛾在4个番茄品种上均能正常完成世代发育,但各品种对其种群适合度的影响存在一定差异。其中,取食绚丽的番茄潜叶蛾种群的卵期(3.12 d)、成虫前期(21.27 d)和平均世代周期(T=25.963 d)均最短,内禀增长率(r=0.162 d-1)和周限增长率(λ=1.175 d-1)最高,种群增长最快;取食千禧和蜜粉的种群平均世代周期、内禀增长率和周限增长率均处于中等水平;取食金玲珑的种群成虫前期(24.94 d)和平均世代周期(T=28.909 d)最长,内禀增长率(r=0.143 d-1)和周限增长率(λ=1.154 d-1)最低,种群增长最慢。在繁殖力上,金玲珑的年龄—龄期特定繁殖值(125.15)和日产卵峰值(59.25粒)最高,蜜粉次之(分别为121.99和56.92粒),千禧和绚丽相对较低。【结论】不同番茄品种对番茄潜叶蛾的寄主适宜性具有不同程度的调控作用。综合评价结果表明,绚丽是番茄潜叶蛾的最适宜寄主,千禧和蜜粉是相对适宜寄主,金玲珑为最不适宜寄主。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to clarify the effects of different tomato varieties on the growth, development, reproduction of tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta, and to comprehensively evaluate its host suitability, thereby providing scientific basis for green control and the screening of resistant tomato varieties. 【Method】 Four representative tomato varieties (Xuanli, Mifen, Qianxi, and Jinlinglong) were used. Under controlled conditions (constant temperature and humidity) in a climate chamber, the developmental duration, survival rate, and fecundity of Tuta absoluta on each variety were measured, and the population parameters were analyzed using the age-stage two-sex life table. 【Result】 Tuta absoluta completed its life cycle on all four varieties, but population fitness differed among varieties. Individuals fed on Xuanli had the shortest egg stage (3.12 d), preadult period (21.27 d), and mean generation time (T=25.963 d), as well as the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r=0.162 d-1) and finite rate of increase (λ=1.175 d-1), indicating the fastest population growth. Individuals fed on Qianxi and Mifen exhibited intermediate values for mean generation time, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase. In contrast, individuals fed on Jinlinglong had the longest preadult period (24.94 d) and mean generation time (T=28.909 d), and the lowest intrinsic rate of increase (r=0.143 d-1) and finite rate of increase (λ=1.154 d-1), showing the slowest population growth. Regarding fecundity, Jinlinglong had the highest age-stage specific reproductive value (125.15) and peak daily oviposition (59.25 eggs), followed by Mifen (121.99, 56.92 eggs), while Qianxi and Xuanli had relatively lower values. 【Conclusion】 Different tomato varieties differentially regulate the host suitability of Tuta absoluta. Comprehensive evaluation indicates that Xuanli is the most suitable host, Qianxi and Mifen are moderately suitable hosts, and Jinlinglong is the least suitable host for Tuta absoluta.

     

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