Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to identify and analyze the genetic diversity of eighteen strains of Tremella fuciformis collected from Guangxi， Henan， Anhui， and the major domestic production regions of Fujian and Sichuan in China， with the aim of providing a reference for precise identification and hybrid breeding of Tremella fuciformis.【Method】 One pair of ITS primers， seven ISSR primers， seven RAPD primers， and six pairs of SRAP primers were used to conduct genetic diversity and cluster analyses of the 18 Tremella fuciformis strains， and the results were further analyzed according to strain origin， agronomic traits， and cultivation modes.【Result】 The four molecular markers revealed obvious differences in genetic diversity among the strains. ITS cluster analysis divided the 18 strains into five groups， in which wild strains from different regions clustered independently， whereas cultivated strains clustered together， indicating higher intraspecific genetic diversity in wild Tremella fuciformis and relatively lower genetic diversity among cultivated germplasms. The polymorphism rates of ISSR， RAPD， and SRAP molecular markers were 96.47%， 100.00%， and 96.55%， respectively， with their genetic similarity coefficients of 0.17-0.88， 0.15-0.82， and 0.11-0.96， and specific bands of 25， 17， and 20. Most specific bands were detected in wild strains TR-1001， TR-1002， TR-22501， TR-22601， and TR-22901 and cultivated Sichuan strains TR-25 and TR-35. ISSR， RAPD， and SRAP molecular markers were able to distinguish Tremella fuciformis germplasms according to origin and cultivation mode. At genetic similarity coefficients of 0.55， 0.48， and 0.61， respectively， log cultivation and bag cultivation， as well as wild and cultivated Tremella fuciformis， could be clearly distinguished； at similarity coefficients of 0.79， 0.79， and 0.92， respectively， in the cluster result of three molecular markers， some Tremella fuciformis strains clustered based on difference in phenotypic traits， with RAPD showing higher resolutions when distinguishing phenotypic traits. The cluster analysis of three molecular markers showed that strains TR-2307B and TR-HN exhibited the highest genetic similarity and thus shared a close relationship， whereas strains TR-2307B and TR-35 showed the lowest similarity and thus shared a farthest relationship.【Conclusion】 Similar results of genetic diversity are obtained from analysis of 18 Tremella fuciformis germplasm resources from strain origin， phenotypic traits， and cultivation modes using the four molecular markers， indicating that multi-marker analysis is reliable for evaluating genetic diversity of Tremella fuciformis. ITS， ISSR， RAPD， and SRAP can all be used as reference molecular markers for the precise identification of Tremella fuciformis. Considering the differences of molecular markers in distinguishing strain origin， phenotypic traits， and cultivation modes， RAPD could reveal richer genetic information of Tremella fuciformis germplasm than the other three markers.