Abstract: 【Objective】This study aimed to clarify the current status of soil nutrients in citrus orchards in the Lijiang River Basin of Guilin， as well as the effects of planting years and slope gradients on soil physiochemical properties， so as to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management and balanced fertilization of citrus orchard soil in this region.【Method】A total of 28 representative citrus orchards were selected from 6 counties （districts）， including Yanshan District， Lingui District， Lingchuan County， Xing’an County， Pingle County， and Yangshuo County in Guilin City. These citrus orchards were categorized by planting years into 1-2 years， 3-4 years， 5-6 years， 7-8 years and ≥9 years， and by the slope gradients into flat slope （0-5°）， gentle slope （6-15°）， and steep slope （16-25°）. The five-point sampling method was adopted to collect soil samples from the 0-20 cm soil layer. Soil physiochemical indexes including soil bulk density， pH， organic matter， available phosphorus， alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen， available potassium， and enzyme activities were determined to analyze the overall soil nutrient abundance and deficiency status， as well as the differences in soil physiochemical properties under different planting years and slope gradient conditions of citrus orchards in the Lijiang River Basin.【Result】The average soil pH of the 28 citrus orchards in the Lijiang River Basin was 4.87， with only 10.35% of the soils falling within the weakly acidic range （pH 5.5-6.5） suitable for citrus growth. The soil organic matter content was relatively high， with an average value of 34.17 g/kg. The soil available phosphorus content was relatively low， with an average value of 10.72 mg/kg， with only 31.07% of the citrus orchards having available phosphorus content within the suitable range （15-80 mg/kg）. The soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content was deficient， with an extreme deficiency rate （<50 mg/kg） as high as 93.13%. The average soil available potassium content was 137.76 mg/kg， showing no deficiency. The soil structure of citrus orchards in the Lijiang River Basin was favorable， characterized by a relatively low soil bulk density in the 0-20 cm soil layer with an average value of 1.09 g/cm³， and macro-aggregates （>0.25 mm） accounting for approximately 94.77% of the total soil aggregates. Correlation analysis results showed that soil catalase activity was extremely significantly negatively correlated with dissolved organic carbon content （P<0.01， the same below）. Soil urease activity was extremely significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus， alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen， and dissolved organic carbon content， but significantly positively correlated with available potassium content （P<0.05， the same below）. Soil alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly positively correlated with soil pH but significantly negatively correlated with dissolved organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon contents. With increasing planting years， soil pH showed no directional change； the contents of soil organic matter， readily oxidizable organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon generally showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing； the contents of available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen showed an increasing trend； the available potassium content fluctuated but with no significant difference （P>0.05）. As the slope gradient increased， soil bulk density and pH showed a decreasing trend， while organic matter content showed an increasing trend.【Conclusion】The soil structure of citrus orchards in the Lijiang River Basin is favorable with rich organic matter content， but suffers from severe acidification and serious deficiencies in available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen. Planting years and slope gradients have certain influences on soil physiochemical properties， but the effects of long-term planting are more influenced by climatic conditions and fertilization management practices. In citrus production in the Lijiang River Basin， attention should be paid to soil amendment for pH adjustment and to the supplementation and balance of nutrients. It is recommended to appropriately increase the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers and rationally apply potassium fertilizers to achieve a balanced supply of soil nutrients， thereby promoting the growth and development of fruit trees and ensuring fruit yield and quality.