95份蚕豆种质资源萌发期耐盐碱性鉴定

Identification of saline-alkali tolerance of 95 broad bean germplasm resources at germination stage

  • 摘要:目的】通过对95份蚕豆种质进行萌发期耐盐碱性鉴定及综合评价,筛选耐盐碱性较强的蚕豆种质,为蚕豆种质耐盐碱性鉴定及耐盐碱性品种选育提供参考依据。【方法】使用8.0 g/L复合盐碱(NaCl、Na2CO3和Na2SO4质量比9∶1∶1,pH 9.25)对95份蚕豆种质进行盐碱胁迫处理,测定蚕豆种质萌发期的相对发芽指数、相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对胚根长、相对胚根重、相对胚芽长和相对胚芽重7个耐盐碱性指标,并利用相关分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析、聚类分析和逐步回归等方法对95份蚕豆种质的耐盐碱性进行综合评价。【结果】复合盐碱胁迫下,相对发芽指数、相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对胚根长、相对胚根重、相对胚芽长、相对胚芽重的变异系数均超过10.00%,其中,相对胚芽长、相对胚芽重发生较强的变异,变异系数均超过200.00%,说明这2个指标在盐碱胁迫下极不稳定。蚕豆种质大多数耐盐碱性指标间存在一定的正相关性,其中10对指标间存在极显著正相关(P<0.01),1对指标间存在显著正相关(P<0.05),以相对胚芽长与相对胚芽重相关性最强,相关系数达0.968,而相对发芽率与相对胚芽长相关性最弱,相关系数仅为-0.026。7个耐盐碱性指标降维成3个主成分,累计贡献率达89.588%。根据综合评价D值,95份蚕豆种质分为五大类,分别为不耐盐碱种质(3份,3.16%)、低耐盐碱种质(14份,14.74%)、中耐盐碱种质(45份,47.37%)、耐盐碱种质(24份,25.26%)、高耐盐碱种质(9份,9.47%)。相对发芽指数、相对发芽势、相对发芽率和相对胚根长可作为蚕豆耐盐碱性鉴定的主要指标。综合评价D值排名前10份种质与总隶属函数值排名前10份种质中,有8份种质相同;综合评价D值排名后10份种质与总隶属函数值排名后10份种质中,有7份种质相同,表明这两种方法对蚕豆种质耐盐碱性评价结果相似。【结论】95份蚕豆种质的耐盐碱性相关指标存在丰富的变异性,从中共筛选9份高耐盐碱蚕豆种质资源,为选育耐盐碱性蚕豆品种提供亲本材料。相对发芽指数、相对发芽势、相对发芽率和相对胚根长可作为蚕豆耐盐碱性鉴定的主要指标。

     

    Abstract:Objective】This study aimed to identify and comprehensively evaluate saline-alkali tolerance of 95 broad bean germplasms at germination stage, and screen broad bean germplasms with strong saline-alkali tolerance, so as to provide references for identification of saline-alkali tolerant broad bean germplasm and breeding of saline-alkali tolerant varieties.【Method】8.0 g/L compound saline (NaCl, Na2CO3, and Na2SO4 with mass ratio of 9∶1∶1, pH of 9.25) was used to pose saline-alkali stress to 95 broad bean germplasms to determine seven indexes at germination stage: relative germination index, relative germination potential, relative germination rate, relative radicle length, relative radicle weight, relative germ length, and relative germ weight. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, membership function analysis, cluster analysis, and stepwise regression were used to comprehensively evaluate the saline-alkali tole-rance of 95 broad bean germplasms.【Result】Under compound saline-alkali stress, coefficients of variation of relative germination index, relative germination potential, relative germination rate, relative radicle length, relative radicle weight, relative germ length, and relative germ weight were more than 10.00%; the coefficients of variation of relative radicle length and relative radicle weight exceeded 200.00%, indicating that these two indexes were highly unstable under saline-alkali stress. Most of the saline-alkali tolerance indexes in broad bean germplasms exhibited positive correlations: ten pairs of indexes showed extremely significant positive correlations (P<0.01), and one pair showed a significant positive correlation (P<0.05); the strongest correlation was observed between relative germ length and relative germ weight, with a correlation coefficient of 0.968, while the weakest correlation was between relative germination rate and relative germ length, with a correlation coefficient of -0.026. The seven saline-alkali tolerance indexes were reduced to three principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 89.588%. Based on the comprehensive evaluation D values, the 95 broad bean germplasms were classified into five categories: saline-alkali intolerant (3 germplasms, 3.16%), low saline-alkali intolerant (14 germplasms, 14.74%), moderately saline-alkali intolerant (45 germplasms, 47.37%),saline-alkali tolerant (24 germplasms, 25.26%), and highly saline-alkali tolerant (9 germplasms, 9.47%). Relative germination index, relative germination potential, relative germination rate, and relative radicle length could be used as primary indexes for evaluating saline-alkali tolerance in broad bean. Among the top 10 germplasms ranked by the comprehensive evaluation D value and the top 10 ranked by the total membership function value, eight were identical. Similarly, among the bottom 10 germplasms ranked by the comprehensive evaluation D value and the bottom 10 ranked by the total membership function value, seven were identical, indicating that the two methods yielded similar results in evaluating the saline-alkali tolerance of broad bean germplasms.【Conclusion】Indexes related to saline-alkali tolerance of 95 broad bean germplasms show abundant variation. Nine highly saline-alkali tolerant broad bean germplasm resources are screened, which can be used as parental materials for breeding saline-alkali tolerant broad bean. Relative germination index, relative germination potential, relative germination rate, and relative radicle length can be used as primary indexes for identifying saline-alkali tolerance of broad bean.

     

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