枸杞根际促生菌筛选及其促生效应

Screening of rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria of Lycium barbarum and their growth-promoting effects

  • 摘要: 【目的】 筛选鉴定枸杞根际促生菌(PGPR),明确其生长特性及促生效应,为枸杞根际促生菌的开发应用提供科学依据。【方法】 以4个品种枸杞根际土壤为试验材料,采用平板划线法从枸杞根际土壤中分离纯化菌株,基于16S rDNA序列进行菌株分子鉴定,考察菌株在不同温度、NaCl浓度、pH及亚硒酸钠浓度条件下的生长特性,测定分析菌株的解磷、产吲哚乙酸(IAA)及固氮能力,检测菌株间的拮抗作用,并以无菌水为对照(CK),通过单菌和双菌处理分析PGPR对枸杞种子萌发率的影响及对枸杞的促生效应。【结果】 从4个品种枸杞根际土壤中分离纯化出的17株枸杞根际细菌分别隶属于5个属,其中芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)12株、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)2株、普里斯特氏菌属(Priestia)1株、尼尔菌属(Niallia)1株、动物球菌属(Mammaliicoccus)1株。不同条件下根际细菌生长特性结果显示,17株枸杞根际细菌生长的适宜温度范围为28~55 ℃、NaCl浓度范围为0%~5.0%、pH范围为6~8、亚硒酸钠浓度范围为5%~15%。各菌株的解磷、产IAA及固氮能力测定结果显示,有12株菌株具备解磷能力;D38菌株产IAA含量最高,达5.06 mg/L;有6株菌株具备固氮能力,分别为D7、D17、D19、D32、D34和D38菌株。菌株拮抗试验结果显示,D38菌株与D34菌株、D32菌株与D34菌株间具有拮抗作用。枸杞种子萌发试验结果显示,与CK相比,D38单菌处理和D38+D32双菌处理的枸杞种子萌发率分别达63.33%和93.33%。盆栽试验结果发现,PGPR对枸杞的株高、根长、茎长、鲜重和干重等指标均有促进作用;与CK相比,经双菌处理后,枸杞的株高增加15.267~45.067 mm,茎长增加8.733~15.867 mm,鲜重增加0.089~0.133 g,干重增加0.007~0.012 g。【结论】 从枸杞根际土壤中共分离出6株具有解磷及固氮能力的菌株,其中D17、D32、D34和D38菌株对枸杞种子萌发及生长具有促进作用,且以D38+D32双菌处理的综合效果最优,可作为枸杞微生物肥料开发的菌种资源。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to screen and identify plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from Lycium barbarum rhizosphere,and analyze the effects of their growth and plant growth-promoting characteristics on Lycium barbarum seeds,thereby providing a scientific basis of PGPR development and application for Lycium barbarum.【Method】 Rhizosphere soil samples of four Lycium barbarum varieties were used as test materials to isolate and purify bacterial strains via the plate streaking method. Molecular identification of the strains was performed using 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The growth characteristics of the strains were examined under different temperatures, NaCl concentrations, pH levels, and sodium selenite concentrations. The phosphate-solubilizing ability,indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production ability,and nitrogen-fixing ability of the strains were determined. The antagonistic effects among the strains were assessed. The effects of PGPR on germination rate and growth-promotion for Lycium barbarum were investigated using single and dual bacterial treatments.【Result】 Seventeen rhizobacterial strains were isolated and purified from the four Lycium barbarum varieties, belonging to five genera:Bacillus (12 strains),Pseudomonas (2 strains), Priestia (1 strain), Niallia (1 strain), and Mammaliicoccus (1 strain). According to the rhizobacterial growth characteristics under different conditions,the suitable growth conditions for the 17 strains were: temperature 28-55 ℃ , NaCl concentration 0%-5.0%,pH 6-8, and sodium selenite concentration 5%-15%. Detection results of phosphate-solubilizing ability, IAA production ability,and nitrogen-fixing ability showed that:twelve strains had phosphate-solubilizing ability;strain D38 showed the highest IAA production, reaching a content of 5.06 mg/L; and six strains (D7, D17, D19, D32, D34, and D38) had nitrogen-fixing ability. Antagonism experiments revealed that antagonistic interactions were found between strains D38 and D34,and between D32 and D34. Seed germination experiments indicated that,compared with CK,the germination rates of Lycium barbarum seeds treated with D38 alone and with D38+D32 combination reached 63.33% and 93.33%,respectively. Pot experiments demonstrated that the PGPR increased the indexes including plant height, root length, stem length, fresh weight,and dry weight of Lycium barbarum; compared with CK, dual bacterial treatments increased plant height by 15.267-45.067 mm, stem length by 8.733-15.867 mm,fresh weight by 0.089-0.133 g,and dry weight by 0.007-0.012 g.【Conclusion】 Twelve phosphate-solubilizing strains and 6 nitrogen-fixing strains are isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Lycium barbarum. Strains D17, D32 ,D34, and D38 significantly promote seed germination and plant growth,and the dual bacterial treatment D38+D32 shows the best effect,which could provide bacterial resources and theoretical references for the microbial fertilizer development of Lycium barbarum.

     

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