植物免疫诱抗剂对枸杞生长及根腐病抗性的影响

Effects of the plant immune inducer on growth and resistance to root rot disease in Lycium barbarum L.

  • 摘要: 目的 研究新型植物免疫诱抗剂智能聪(ZNC)对宁夏枸杞的促生作用及对枸杞根腐病的诱抗效果,为ZNC在枸杞栽培生产中的推广应用提供理论依据。方法 以宁夏枸杞品种宁杞1号、宁杞5号、宁杞7号和杞鑫1号为试验材料,测定0、5、10、50和100 ng/mL ZNC处理后的枸杞种子萌发率及根长,并以上述浓度对枸杞幼苗进行灌根处理,测定灌根后60 d的株高、叶面积和叶绿素含量。采用枸杞离体叶片接菌及伤根接菌试验,观察叶片表型和菌斑大小,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、苯丙氨酸酶(PAL)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性,评价ZNC对感病品种宁杞5号的诱抗效果。结果 宁杞1号、宁杞5号、宁杞7号和杞鑫1号分别在10、100、50和10 ng/mL ZNC处理下的萌发效果最好。50 ng/mL ZNC对宁杞1号、宁杞7号和杞鑫1号幼苗根长的促进效果较好,而100 ng/mL ZNC对宁杞5号幼苗根长的促进效果较好;50和100 ng/mL ZNC可明显促进枸杞株高和叶面积增加;不同浓度ZNC对枸杞叶片叶绿素积累也有明显促进作用,50 ng/mL ZNC处理下4个品种叶片叶绿素含量分别较0 ng/mL处理显著增加114.47%、99.07%、151.70%和58.67%(P<0.05)。接菌试验结果表明,50 ng/mL ZNC处理后的离体枸杞叶片上菌斑生长速度较慢,菌斑直径最小,为2.58 mm。此外,50 ng/mL ZNC处理后的宁杞5号枸杞叶片SOD、PAL和PPO活性均高于未处理对照,SOD和PPO活性在接菌后3 h达最大值,分别为398.35和65.00 U/g;PAL活性在接菌后12 h达最大值,为6.14 U/g。结论 适宜浓度的ZNC可促进枸杞种子萌发及幼苗生长,但不同品种的适宜ZNC浓度存在差异。灌根施用50 ng/mL ZNC可有效增强枸杞自身免疫,激活SOD、PAL和PPO等保护酶活性,抑制根腐病病原菌生长,进而达到抗病效果。

     

    Abstract: Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of the new plant immune inducer Zhinengcong (ZNC)on growth promotion and resistance to root rot disease of Lycium barbarum L., so as to provide a theoretical basis for promotion and application of ZNC in wolfberry cultivation and production.Method Using Lycium barbarum L. cultivars Ningqi 1, Ningqi 5, Ningqi 7, and Qixin 1 as experimental materials, the seed germination rate and root length were measured after treatments of different ZNC concentrations (0, 5, 10, 50, and 100 ng/mL). Seedlings were irrigated with ZNC of the above-mentioned concentrations, and plant height, leaf area, and chlorophyll content were measured 60 days after treatments. Detached leaves and wounded roots were inoculated with pathogens to observe leaf phenotype and lesion size and to determine the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), so as to evaluate the reduced resistance of ZNC on the susceptible cultivar Ningqi 5.Result For Ningqi 1, Ningqi 5, Ningqi 7, and Qixin 1, their optimal germination was found under ZNC concentrations of 10, 100, 50, and 10 ng/mL, respectively. Root length was significantly promoted at 50 ng/mL ZNC for Ningqi 1, Ningqi 7, and Qixin 1, while 100 ng/mL ZNC showed the best effect for Ningqi 5. Both 50 and 100 ng/mL ZNC significantly increased plant height and leaf area. ZNC of different concentrations markedly promoted chlorophyll accumulation, with significant increases of 114.47%, 99.07%, 151.70%, and 58.67% were found under ZNC of ZNC treatment compared with 0 ng/mL ZNC in the four cultivars, respectively (P<0.05). Inoculation tests showed that leaves treated with 50 ng/mL ZNC exhibited slower pathogen growth and the smallest lesion diameter (2.58 mm). Moreover, SOD, PAL, and PPO activities in Ningqi 5 leaves treated with 50 ng/mL ZNC were higher than in the untreated control. SOD and PPO activities peaked at 3 h post-inoculation, reaching 398.35 and 65.00 U/g, respectively, while PAL activity peaked at 12 h post-inoculation, reaching 6.14 U/g.Conclusion ZNC at appropriate concentrations promotes seed germination and seedling growth in Lycium barbarum L., although the optimal concentration differs across cultivars. Irrigation with 50 ng/mL ZNC effectively enhances the plant’s innate immunity, activates protective enzymes such as SOD, PAL, and PPO, inhibits the growth of root rot pathogens, thereby enhancing disease resistance.

     

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