3种药剂对加州新小绥螨运动速度及保护酶活性的影响

Effects of three pesticides on the movement speed and protective enzyme activities of Neoseiulus californicus

  • 摘要: 目的 探究杀虫双、四氯虫酰胺和乙氧氟草醚3种药剂对加州新小绥螨(Neoseiulus californicus)运动速度及保护酶活性的影响,为农药的科学使用和加州新小绥螨在柑橘园害螨生物防治中的推广应用提供理论依据。方法 采用药膜法测定杀虫双、四氯虫酰胺和乙氧氟草醚3种药剂对加州新小绥螨的毒力,并进行安全性评价;用3种药剂亚致死浓度(LC10、LC30和LC50)分别处理供食组和饥饿组加州新小绥螨24 h,以清水为对照,测定其运动速度;用3种药剂LC10和LC30处理加州新小绥螨24 h,以清水为对照,采用分光光度法测定其过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果 杀虫双、四氯虫酰胺和乙氧氟草醚处理加州新小绥螨24 h后的LC50分别为1.626、3.818和0.234 g/L;最大安全系数分别为5.20、171.81和5.85,3种药剂对加州新小绥螨的安全性依次为四氯虫酰胺>乙氧氟草醚>杀虫双。供食组加州新小绥螨在杀虫双LC50处理24 h后运动速度显著大于对照(P<0.05,下同),在乙氧氟草醚LC50处理24 h后运动速度显著小于对照,在四氯虫酰胺LC30处理24 h后运动速度显著小于对照和LC50处理。饥饿组加州新小绥螨在四氯虫酰胺LC10处理24 h后运动速度显著小于对照。加州新小绥螨在3种药剂LC10和LC30处理24 h后,总蛋白含量均无显著差异(P>0.05,下同)。加州新小绥螨在杀虫双LC10和LC30处理24 h后,CAT活性与对照均无显著差异;在四氯虫酰胺LC10处理24 h后,CAT活性显著低于对照和LC30处理;在杀虫双和四氯虫酰胺LC10及LC30处理24 h后,POD活性均显著低于对照;在杀虫双和四氯虫酰胺LC30处理24 h后,SOD活性均显著高于对照。加州新小绥螨在乙氧氟草醚LC10和LC30处理24 h后,3种保护酶活性均显著低于对照。结论 杀虫双、四氯虫酰胺和乙氧氟草醚3种药剂均对加州新小绥螨的运动能力有影响。四氯虫酰胺对加州新小绥螨的CAT有抑制作用;杀虫双和四氯虫酰胺表现出对POD的抑制作用,但对SOD具有激活效应;而乙氧氟草醚则对3种保护酶均产生明显抑制作用。建议在柑橘园的综合防治中优先选用对加州新小绥螨较安全的四氯虫酰胺,以实现生物防治与化学防治的协同增效。

     

    Abstract: Objective This study was to investigate the effects of three pesticides (bisultap,tetrachlorantraniliprole,and oxyfluorfen) on the movement speed and protective enzymes activity of Neoseiulus californicus,so as to provide a theoretical basis for appropriate use of pesticide,and to support the promotion and field application of Neoseiulus californicus for biological control of pest mites in citrus orchards.Method The toxicity of three pesticides (bisultap,tetrachlorantraniliprole,and oxyfluorfen) on Neoseiulus californicus was detected using medicated film method,and their safety was also evaluated. The three pesticides at sublethal concentrations (LC10,LC30 and LC50) were used to treat the feeding group and the starvation group of Neoseiulus californicus for 24 hours,with a control group treated with clear water,to measure their movement speed. The three pesticides at LC10 and LC30 were used to treat Neoseiulus californicus for 24 hours,with the control group treated with clear water,to determine enzyme activities of catalase (CAT),peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) using the spectrophotometric method.Result The LC50 values after 24-hour treatment of bisultap,tetrachlorantraniliprole and oxyfluorfen on Neoseiulus californicus were 1.626,3.818 and 0.234 g/L,respectively. The maximum safety coefficients after 24-hour treatments of bisultap,tetrachlorantraniliprole and oxyfluorfen on Neoseiulus californicus were 5.20,171.81 and 5.85,respectively,indicating that the safety order of the three pesticides for Neoseiulus californicus was tetrachlorantraniliprole>oxyfluorfen>bisultap. After the 24-hour LC50 bisultap treatment,the movement speed of Neoseiulus californicus in the feeding group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05,the same below). After the 24-hour treatment of oxyfluorfen of LC50,the movement speed of Neoseiulus californicus in the feeding group was significantly lower than that of the control group. After the 24-hour LC30 tetrachlorantraniliprole treatment,the movement speed of Neoseiulus californicus in the feeding group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the LC50 treatment group. After the 24-hour LC10 tetrachlorantraniliprole treatment,the movement speed of Neoseiulus californicus in starvation group was significantly lower than that in the control group. No significant difference in total protein content was found in Neoseiulus californicus after the 24-hour treatments of LC10 and LC30 of the three pesticides (P>0.05,the same below). No significant difference in CAT activity of Neoseiulus californicus was found between the control group and the 24-hour LC10 and LC30 bisultap treatment groups. Under the 24-hour LC10 tetrachlorantraniliprole treatment,the CAT activity of of Neoseiulus californicus was significantly lower than that in the control group and the 24-hour LC30 tetrachlorantraniliprole treatment group. Under the 24-hour LC10 and LC30 treatments of bisultap and tetrachlorantraniliprole,the POD activity of Neoseiulus californicus was significantly lower than that in the control group. Under the 24-hour LC30 treatments of bisultap and tetrachlorantraniliprole,the SOD activity of Neoseiulus californicus was significantly higher than that of the control group. Under the 24-hour LC10 and LC30 oxyfluorfen treatments,the activities of three protective enzymes of Neoseiulus californicus was significantly lower than that of the control group.Conclusion The three pesticides (bisultap,tetrachlorantraniliprole,and oxyfluorfen) influence the athletic ability of Neoseiulus californicus. Tetrachlorantraniliprole inhibits the CAT of Neoseiulus californicus; bisultap and tetrachlorantraniliprole inhibit POD but activate SOD of Neoseiulus californicus. Oxyfluorfen significantly inhibits activities of the three protective enzymes of Neoseiulus californicus. Therefore,tetrachlorantraniliprole,which is rather safe for Neoseiulus californicus,is recommended to be applied for integrated management of cirtus orchards,so as to achieve the synergistic effect of biological control and chemical control.

     

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