黄缘巧瓢虫对温室白粉虱的捕食功能反应及猎物偏好性

Predator functional response and prey preference of Oenopia sauzeti on Trialeurodes vaporariorum

  • 摘要: 目的 评估黄缘巧瓢虫(Oenopia sauzeti)对温室白粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)的防治潜能,为利用黄缘巧瓢虫控制温室白粉虱提供理论依据。方法 在实验室条件下,于圆形养虫盒中放置饥饿24 h的黄缘巧瓢虫2~4龄幼虫和雌成虫及不同密度梯度的温室白粉虱4龄若虫,记录温室白粉虱4龄若虫的被捕食量,明确黄缘巧瓢虫2~4龄幼虫和雌成虫对温室白粉虱4龄若虫的捕食功能反应及搜寻效应;记录不同密度黄缘巧瓢虫雌成虫对相同密度的温室白粉虱4龄若虫的捕食量,明确黄缘巧瓢虫雌成虫的自身密度干扰反应;记录黄缘巧瓢虫雌成虫对不同密度的温室白粉虱4龄若虫及成虫的捕食量,明确黄缘巧瓢虫雌成虫的捕食偏好性。结果 黄缘巧瓢虫2~4龄幼虫和雌成虫对温室白粉虱4龄若虫的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型(圆盘方程)。黄缘巧瓢虫2~4龄幼虫和雌成虫对温室白粉虱4龄若虫的瞬时攻击率分别为1.008、0.996、1.234和1.187,处理时间分别为0.030、0.012、0.009和0.008 d。黄缘巧瓢虫雌成虫对温室白粉虱4龄若虫的捕食能力最大,为148.363头;其4、3和2龄幼虫次之,捕食能力分别为134.109、81.630和33.378头。黄缘巧瓢虫2~4龄幼虫和雌成虫对温室白粉虱4龄若虫的搜寻效应随温室白粉虱4龄若虫密度的升高而下降;温室白粉虱4龄若虫密度一定的条件下,各龄期(虫态)黄缘巧瓢虫对温室白粉虱4龄若虫的捕食率随自身密度的升高而下降,其自身密度干扰方程为E=1.448P-0.116。温室白粉虱4龄若虫和成虫2种虫态共存时,黄缘巧瓢虫雌成虫对温室白粉虱4龄若虫存在捕食偏好性。结论 黄缘巧瓢虫对温室白粉虱4龄若虫存在捕食偏好性,对温室白粉虱具有良好的防治潜力。

     

    Abstract: Objective This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Oenopia sauzeti in controlling and preventing Trialeurodes vaporariorum, thereby providing a theoretical basis for its use in managing this pest.Method Under laboratory conditions, the 2nd-4th instar nymphs and female adults of Oenopia sauzeti that had been starved for 24 h were placed with the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum at different density gradients in a circular insect box. The predation amount of the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum was recorded, and the predator functional response and searching efficiency of the 2nd-4th instar nymphs and female adults of Oenopia sauzeti on the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum were determined. The predation amount of female Oenopia sauzeti adults at different densities on 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum at the same density was recorded to clarify the self-density interference of female Oenopia sauzeti adults. The predation amount of female Oenopia sauzeti adults on the 4th instar nymphs and adults of Trialeurodes vaporariorum of different densities was recorded to clarify the predation preference of female Oenopia sauzeti adults.Result The functional response of the 2nd-4th instar nymphs and female adults of Oenopia sauzeti to the 4th instar nymph of Trialeurodes vaporariorum fit the HollingⅡdisc equation model. The instantaneous attack rates of the 2nd-4th instar nymphs and female adults of Oenopia sauzeti to the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum were 1.008, 0.996, 1.234 and 1.187, and their handling durations were 0.030, 0.012, 0.009 and 0.008 d respectively. The predation capacity of the female Oenopia sauzeti adults to the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum was the highest (148.363), followed by the 4th instar nymphs (134.109), the 3rd instar nymphs (81.630) and 2nd instar nymphs (33.378). The searching efficiency of the 2nd-4th instar nymphs and female adults of Oenopia sauzeti on the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum decreased with increasing prey density. Under the conditions of fixed density of the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum, the predation rate of Oenopia sauzeti decreased as its self-density increased, and the interference equation was E=1.448P-0.116. When both the 4th instar nymphs and the adults of Trialeurodes vaporariorum coexisted, the female Oenopia sauzeti adults showed a predation preference for the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum.Conclusion Oenopia sauzeti shows a predation preference and significant control potential against the 4th instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum.

     

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