Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the nutritional and flavor differences between wild and cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）, provide basic parameters for the nutritional research of Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） aquaculture populations, which could provide reference basis for the development and optimization of full nutritional fomulated feed of Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）. 【Method】 This study took wild and cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） as research objects and used biochemical analysis methods to compare and analyze the differences in the conventional nutrients, amino acid composition and content, fatty acid composition and content, and volatile flavor substances in their flesh. 【Result】 The crude protein and the crude lipid content of the cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） flesh was significantly（P＜0.05, the same below） and extremely（P＜0.01, the same below） higher than those of the wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）, which were 6.17% and 19.73% higher than those of wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） respectively. The total amino acid content （∑TAA） in the flesh of the cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） was significantly higher than that of the wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）, which were 2.96% higher than that of wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）. Except methionine and histidine, the contents of the rest 7 species of essential amino acid were all extremely significantly higher than those of the wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）, and the total amount of essential amino acids （∑EAA） was 4.04% higher than that of wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）; the first limiting amino acid of both wild and cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） was methionine+cysteine（Met+Cys）, the essential amino acid index（EAAI） of cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） was 72.92, slightly lower than that of wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）（76.55）; the total fatty acid content （∑FA）, total unsaturated fatty acid content （∑UFA）, n-6 unsaturated fatty acid content （∑n-6 PUFA）, and the ratio of total polyunsaturated fatty acids to total saturated fatty acids （∑PUFA/∑SFA） of the cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） flesh were all significantly higher than those of the wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）, while the content of n-3 unsaturated fatty acid content （∑n-3 PUFA）, eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA） and docosahexaenoic acid（DHA）contents, ∑n-3 PUFA/∑n-6 PUFA were all extremely significantly lower than those of the wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）. A total of 40 volatile flavor substances were detected in the flesh of wild and cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）, with aldehydes accounting for the highest proportion; in both groups of Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） flesh,（E, E）-2, 4-decadienal contributed the most to the overall flavor of the samples. The relative contents of n-hexanal, heptanal and 1-octen-3-ol with fishy smell in wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） flesh were extremely significantly higher than those of cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker）, indicating that cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） had a better flavor. 【Conclusion】 The cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） flesh has higher amino acid and fatty acid content and balanced amino acid ratio, and the overall fishy smell is weak, while the wild Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） has more advantages in EPA, DHA and n-3 PUFA content and fatty acid ratio. During the breeding process, the nutritional ratio of artificial compound feed of Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） can be further optimized, the breeding technology and water quality can be improved, the nutritional quality differences between wild and cultured Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） can be narrowed, and the farmed Coreius heterodon（Bleeker） can be made an excellent variety with great promotion potential.