Abstract: 【Objective】The chloroplast genome codon bias of Lauraceae, Phoebe was analyzed, which provided theoretical basis for the study of phylogenetic relationship and genetic diversity of Phoebe species. 【Method】The chloroplast genomes of 17 Phoebe species were studied. Genious 8.1.3, CUSP and Codon W modules of EMBOSS explorer were used to analyze the codon bias, neutral plot, ENC-plot, PR2-plot and optimal codon analysis of chloroplast genome protein coding sequence（CDS）, the optimal codon was determined and the main influencing factors of codon bias formation in Phoebe species were discussed. 【Result】A total of 52-56 CDS were screened out from 17 Phoebe species,whose GC content was 39.64%-39.94%. GC content at the first, second and third positions of codons（GC1, GC2 and GC3） were as follows:GC1（47.30%-47.93%）＞GC2（39.50%-39.81%）＞GC3（31.97%-32.12%）,GC3 prefered to end with A/U. Effective codon number（ENC） ranged from 50.948 to 51.148,the number of synonymous codons was 31, among which 25 codons ended in A/U. The average GC content of the first and second codons（GC12） was 34.74%-54.97%, and GC3 was 22.44%-46.77%,regression coefficient was between-0.0422 and-0.0101. ENC-plot analysis indicated that, majority of the genes located near the ENC expected standard curve,a small part of the curve had a large degree of divergence from the standard curve. PR2-plot analysis results showed that more genes were distributed in the lower right part of the graph,indicating that there was a bias of T and G in the third base of codon. There were 5 optimal codons, including CUU of leucine, GGA of glycine, UAU of tyrosine, AAU of asparagine and UCC of serine. Phylogenetic evolutionary tree was constructed based on relative synonymous codon usage（RSCU） and CDS sequence. There were differences in the species evolutionary relationships constructed by the 2 methods, and the phylogenetic relationship based on CDS sequence was more consistent with the evolutionary classification of Phoebe species. 【Conclusion】The codon bias of chloroplast genome in Phoebe species is weak, and the codon ending with A/U is preferred. Natural selection may be the main factor, and it is less affected by mutation or other factors. During the evolution of Phoebe species, the non-coding region sequence of chloroplast genome also carries important information.