不同栽培基质桑园套种长裙竹荪的营养组分及经济效益分析

Nutrition components and economic efficiency of interplanting of Phallus indusiatus in mulberry field with different cultivation substrates

  • 摘要: 【目的】分析不同栽培基质桑园套种长裙竹荪的营养组分及经济效益差异,为拓宽长裙竹荪栽培原料来源以及桑园套种长裙竹荪技术的推广应用提供参考。【方法】以竹屑、桑枝和玉米芯为栽培基质,采用桑园套种长裙竹荪的模式进行栽培试验,对长裙竹荪产量、生物学效率、农艺性状、营养组分及经济效益等进行比较分析。【结果】竹屑栽培的长裙竹荪产量最高,为2897.55 kg/ha;子实体多糖含量最高,达2.080 g/100 g;利润率和投入产出比最高,分别为190.52%和1∶2.91;但其苦味氨基酸占比最高,为39.877%。桑枝栽培的长裙竹荪子实体具有高蛋白质、高氨基酸和高生物活性物质(粗纤维、多酚、总黄酮、维生素B2)的特点,氨基酸比值系数分(SRC)为59.10、必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为59.69、生物价(BV)为53.36、营养指数(NI)为10.29,其蛋白质更均衡、营养价值更高;竹荪产量为2817.75 kg/ha,利润率和投入产出比分别为146.99%和1∶2.47。玉米芯栽培的长裙竹荪子实体三萜含量最高,为0.409%,鲜味氨基酸和甜味氨基酸占比最高,分别为27.143%和30.666%,但其成本最高,为65250元/ha,竹荪产量最低,为1598.85 kg/ha。【结论】利用桑枝栽培长裙竹荪的产量与利用竹屑栽培相当,且营养价值更高,桑枝可以作为长裙竹荪的主要栽培基质。在桑园套种长裙竹荪产量高、经济效益好,是一项值得推广的绿色高效栽培技术。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】The nutrition components and economic efficiency of Phallus indusiatus (PI) in mulberry fields with different cultivation substrates were analyzed in order to provide reference for expanding the source of raw materials and promoting the technology of interplanting of PI in mulberry field.【Method】In this study,bamboo scraps,mulberry branches and corn cobs were used as substrates,the cultivation experiment was carried out by using the mode of interplanting PI in mulberry field,the yield of PI,biological efficiency,agronomic traits,nutrition components and economic efficiency were compared and analyzed.【Result】The yield of PI cultivated by bamboo scraps was the highest(2897.55 kg/ha),the polysaccharide content in fruiting body was the highest (2.080 g/100 g).The profit rate and input-output ratio were the highest,which were 190.52%and 1∶2.91 respectively.However,the proportion of bitter amino acids was the highest,which was 39.877%.The fruiting body of PI cultivated by mulberry branch had the characteristics of

     

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