福建烟区清香型烤烟风格定位与化学成分的关系分析

Relationship between style orientation and chemical components of light-flavour flue-cured tobacco in Fujian tobacco-growing areas

  • 摘要: 【目的】 剖析福建烟区清香型烤烟风格特征与化学成分和感官品质的关系,以期为清香型特色优质烟叶的生产提供理论依据。【方法】 以福建烟区特色烤烟品种翠碧一号为试验材料,在福建长汀县主要植烟区采集90份C3F等级烟叶样品,测定烟叶主要化学成分,运用描述性统计、简单相关和回归分析等方法进行化学成分和感官评价及风格特征的关系分析。【结果】 烟叶总糖含量(34.67%~40.00%)、还原糖含量(20.53%~30.43%)、钾含量(1.99%~3.19%)和淀粉含量(3.67%~8.10%)较高,总氮含量(1.23%~1.80%)和烟碱含量(1.06%~2.61%)较适宜,氯含量(0.05%~0.16%)相对较低。烟叶感官指标中,细腻度与总氮含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05,下同),与氯含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01,下同),与淀粉含量呈显著正相关,与钾氯比呈极显著正相关;杂气与钾含量呈显著正相关。清香型风格彰显度与化学成分的多元线性回归方程结果表明,清香型风格彰显度与烟碱、淀粉和钾含量呈正相关,与总糖含量和糖碱比呈负相关;并结合不同凸显香韵与化学成分的回归分析结果,二者的总糖、烟碱、淀粉、钾和氯含量及糖碱比表现出一致的相关关系。不同区间化学成分中部叶清香型风格彰显度的差异比较结果表明,当烟碱含量大于2.5%时,清香型彰显度显著增加,总氮含量在1.3%~1.4%、钾含量在2.4%~2.6%、糖碱比≤15时、氮碱比≤0.7、钾氯比在40~50时,烟叶清香型风格彰显度较高。【结论】 福建烟区特色烤烟品种翠碧一号烟叶化学成分协调,香气品质尚佳,香韵丰富,整体风格质量较好。其中,总糖、烟碱、淀粉、钾和氯含量及糖碱比在不同凸显香韵风格彰显度中均表现出一致的相关关系。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of the style characteristics with chemical composition and sensory quality of light-flavour flue-cured tobacco in Fujian tobacco-growing areas,aiming to provide theoretical basis for the production of high-quality light-flavour tobacco leaves with distinctive characteristics. 【Method】 CB-1,a characteristic flue-cured tobacco variety in Fujian,was used as the experimental material. A total of 90 samples of C3F grade tobacco leaves were collected from the main tobacco-growing areas in Changting,Fujian. The main chemical components of the tobacco leaves were determined,and the relationship between chemical components and sensory evaluation and style characteristics was analyzed using descriptive statistics,simple correlation and regression analysis. 【Result】 The contents of total sugar(34.67%-40.00%),reducing sugar(20.53%-30.43%),potassium(1.99%-3.19%), and starch(3.67%-8.10%)in the tobacco leaves were relatively high,while the contents of total nitrogen(1.23%-1.80%) and nicotine(1.06%-2.61%)were suitable,and the content of chlorine(0.05%-0.16%)was relatively low. In the sensory evaluation of tobacco leaves,fineness was significantly and negatively correlated with total nitrogen content(P<0.05,the same below),extremely significantly and negatively correlated with chlorine content(P<0.01,the same below),significantly and positively correlated with starch content,and extremely significantly and positively correlated with the potassium-chlorine ratio. The miscellaneous gas was significantly and positively correlated with potassium content. The results of the multiple linear regression equation between the style manifestation of light-flavour and chemical components indicated that the degree of style manifestation of light-flavour was positively correlated with nicotine,starch and potassium content,and negatively correlated with total sugar content and sugar-alkali ratio. The regression analysis of different prominent fragrance rhymes with chemical components showed consistent correlation of the two in total sugar,nicotine, starch,potassium and chlorine content,as well as sugar-alkali ratio. The comparison results of the light-flavour style manifestation of middle leaves in different chemical component intervals indicated that when the nicotine content was greater than 2.5%,the light-flavour style significantly increased. When the total nitrogen content was 1.3%-1.4%,potassium content was 2.4%-2.6%,sugar-alkali ratio was ≤15,nitrogen-alkali ratio was ≤0.7,and potassium-chlorine ratio was 40-50,the light-flavour style of tobacco leaves was more pronounced. 【Conclusion】 The characteristic flue-cured tobacco variety CB-1 in Fujian tobacco-growing areas has a coordinated chemical components,fine fragrance quality,rich fragrance rhyme,and good overall style quality. Five chemical indexes including total sugar,nicotine,starch,potassium contents,and sugar-alkali ratio and Chlorine all showed consistent correlation in different style manifestation with various prominent fragrance rhyme.

     

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