Abstract: 【Objective】 From the perspective of social capital，this study aimed to explore the factors affecting the or‐ der production and operation behavior of family farms in mountainous areas，and to provide empirical support for the highquality development of family farms in mountainous areas. 【Method】 Based on the“stimulus-organism-response”（S-O-R） theoretical model，the theoretical analysis framework of the impact of social capital，knowledge stock and information literacy on family farms’order production and operation behavior was constructed，combined with the survey data of 448 family farms in Qinba-Wuling mountainous area，and the AMOS structural equation model was used for empirical test. 【Result】 Social networks，social trust and social norms had extremely significant impact on the production and operation behavior of family farms（P<0.01，the same below），with path standardized coefficients of 0.157，0.201 and 0.109 respectively. The indirect effects of knowledge stock on social networks，social trust，social norms and family farm participation in order production and operation behavior were extremely significant，with effect coefficients of 0.186，0.116 and 0.074 respectively. This indicated that knowledge stock played partial mediating role in social networks，social trust，social norms and family farm participation in order production and operation behavior. Among them，knowledge stock had the greatest mediating effect in social networks and family farm participation in order production and operation behavior，fol‐ lowed by social trust. The indirect effect of information literacy on social networks，social trust and family farm participation in order production and operation behavior was extremely significant，with effect coefficients of 0.087 and 0.113 respectively，indicating that information literacy played partial mediating role in social networks，social trust and family farm participation in order production and operation behavior，and the mediating effect of information literacy was the greatest in social trust and family farm participation in order production and operation behavior. The mediating effect of knowledge stock on the participation of social networks and family farms in order production and operation behavior was much greater than that of information literacy. 【Suggestion】 To improve the quality of social capital increment of family farm，cultivate social capital of family farm，standardize and guide the order production behavior of family farm；optimize the policy support mechanism and improve the participation rate of order production；emphasis should be placed on the ac‐ cumulation of knowledge stock and the improvement of information literacy of family farms，and the ability of order production and management of family farms should be enhanced to guide the sustainable development of family farms.