Abstract: 【Objective】The diversity in phenotypic traits of different Pennisetum alopecuroides provenances were studied to screen excellent provenances，and to provide scientific basis for the innovative utilization of native P. alopecuroides in China.【Method】The variant analysis，correlation analysis，principal component analysis and cluster analysis of 9 phenotypic traits from 26 different P. alopecuroides provenances（including the plant height，crown width，inflorescence per plant，inflorescence length，inflorescence diameter，stalk length，awn length，leaf length，and leaf width）were conducted. 【Result】F test values of 9 phenotypic traits were extremely significant different among different provenances（P<0.01， the same below）. The average coefficient of variation of 9 phenotypic traits was 15.6%，and the coefficient of variation of each trait was greater than 10.0%. Awn length was the most differentiated among different provenances，its coefficient of variation was 21.1%，followed by the inflorescence diameter and inflorescence per plant，which were 20.6% and 20.0% respectively. The smallest coefficient of variation was the crown width（10.9%）. The phenotypic traits of P. alopecuroides were correlated with geographical factors to varying degrees. Altitude was extremely significantly negatively correlated with plant height and stalk length，and significantly negatively correlated with inflorescence length（P<0.05，the same below）. The longitude and latitude were extremely significantly positively correlated with plant height，inflorescence diameter and stalk length，and were significantly positively correlated with inflorescence length，while other traits were not significantly correlated with geographical factors（P>0.05）. Plant height，inflorescence length，inflorescence diameter，stalk length and inflorescence per plant were the main factors that caused phenotypic differences among different P. alopecuroides provenances. The 26 P. alopecuroides provenances could be divided into 4 groups. Group I included 3 provenances， all of which came from Guizhou. The main characteristics were shorter plants，larger crown width，fewer inflorescences， smaller inflorescences，and thinner leaves. Group Ⅱ included 1 provenance from Hunan，which was characterized by short plants，compact plant type（small crown width），short inflorescence and slender leaves. Group Ⅲ consisted of 2 provenances from Guizhou，which were characterized by short plants，large crown width，large number of inflorescences and wide leaves. Group Ⅳ consisted of 20 provenances from Hubei and Henan，characterized by tall plants，longer spikes，and larger inflorescences. The 5 P. alopecuroides provenances PA26，PA20，PA15，PA17 and PA18 from Guizhou，Hubei and Henan performed better in terms of comprehensive traits.【Conclusion】There are rich variations in phenotypic traits of P. alopecuroides from different provenances，and the screened 5 P. alopecuroides provenances have better comprehensive traits and great potential for genetic improvement.