我国甘蔗梢叶综合利用技术研究与应用

Development and application of comprehensive utilization technologies of sugarcane tip in China

  • 摘要: 作为甘蔗糖业的大宗副产物,甘蔗梢叶产量大且营养活性成分丰富,是优质的可再生资源。然而我国甘蔗梢叶综合利用率低,且高附加值产品少,未能充分发挥其优质资源优势。因此,文章结合甘蔗梢叶营养与肥效等特性,概述我国目前主要开发及产业化应用的甘蔗梢叶综合利用技术,包括制备反刍动物饲料、作锅炉燃料、粉碎还田或与滤泥混合堆沤还田、制备甘蔗梢叶饮料及提取活性物质等工作原理、研究及应用现状,并分析存在的主要问题,如高营养价值饲料仍处于起步阶段,综合利用产值低;锅炉燃料化技术推广应用缺乏关键理论与技术支撑;粉碎还田可能会增加甘蔗病虫鼠害风险;甘蔗梢叶饮料规模化生产缺乏适宜清净方法;活性物质的提取率低等。同时介绍近年新兴的甘蔗梢叶综合利用技术,如作中药材、畜禽养殖发酵床垫料及生产水产动物饲料、制备活性炭及其功能材料等。认为未来我国甘蔗梢叶发展应结合我国糖业主要发展趋势和相关产业发展需求,重点完善甘蔗梢叶制备发酵蛋白饲料、高腐质化肥料、中药材、活性炭及功能材料、饮料,以及活性物质提取等综合利用技术的关键理论研究并实现技术升级,加快这些技术推广应用;同时强化甘蔗梢叶新的综合利用技术开发,开发甘蔗梢叶新的应用途径,为早日实现我国甘蔗梢叶高端化利用打下理论基础或提供技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: Being one major by-product of sugarcane industry, sugarcane tip is a high-quality renewable resource with large yield and rich nutritional ingredients. However, the comprehensive utilization rate of sugarcane tip in China is very low, and the high value-added products are few,thus fails to give full play to its advantage of high-quality resources.Therefore, the nutritional and fertilizer characteristics of sugarcane tip were summarized, and the development progress and application of current main comprehensive utilization technologies of sugarcane tip in China were introduced in details, including preparing ruminant feed, being used as boiler fuel, raw material for extracting nutritional or active ingredients, as well as being returned to the field after chopping, preparing beverage and fertilizer with high content of humic substance, and the key bottlenecks existing of these technologies were also analyzed. For example, most feed were roughage with low nutritional value resulted in very low economic benefit; lacking of key theories and technology for boiler fuel; an potential increase of pest and diseases of sugarcane resulted from being returned to the field as fertilizer; lacking suitable clarification methods for large-scale production of sugarcane tip beverage and low extraction rate of active or functional ingredients. At the same time, the new emerging comprehensive utilization technologies of sugarcane tip in China, including being Chinese herbal medicine, livestock and poultry breeding fermented mattress material and aquatic animal feed, preparing activated carbon and other functional materials, were also introduced in this paper. It is concluded that the development of sugarcane tip leaves in China should be combined with the main development trend of sugar industry and the development needs of related industries, and focus on key theory research and technology upgrade in improving the preparation of fermented protein feeds, fertilizers with high humic substance content, traditional Chinese herbal medicine, activated charcoal and its functional materials as well as functional substance extraction, and accelerate the promotion and application of these techniques. At the same time, the development of new comprehensive utilization technology of sugarcane tips should be strengthened, and a new application way of sugarcane tips can be created, which lays a theoretical foundation or provides technical support for the early realization of high-end utilization of sugarcane tips in China

     

/

返回文章
返回