芒果蓝色切梢象甲成虫形态特征及产卵行为研究

Morphological characteristics and oviposition behavior of adult Auletomorphus montanus

  • 摘要: 【目的】 明确芒果蓝色切梢象甲成虫的形态特征、为害特点、成虫产卵行为及产卵选择性,为该虫田间识别、对寄主植物的适应性研究及综合防治策略的制定提供理论依据。【方法】 采用田间调查、录制视频和室内显微观察的方法,描述并记录芒果蓝色切梢象甲成虫的形态特征、为害芒果嫩梢的特点,并研究成虫产卵行为及对嫩梢大小的产卵选择性。【结果】 芒果蓝色切梢象甲成虫蓝绿色,喙细长,微弯;雄性触角着生于近喙基部1/4处,雌性着生于近喙基部1/5处。雌虫产卵行为由行走、钻切梢孔、钻产卵孔、产卵、再次钻孔、隐藏和离开7种离散的行为类别组成;每种行为类别单次发生的平均持续时间分别为:钻切梢孔33.24 s、钻产卵孔144.92 s、产卵25.25 s、再次钻孔80.30 s及隐藏19.29 s。产卵时,该虫首先用喙在芒果嫩梢上连续钻切梢孔,形成数圈近螺旋形紧密排列的小孔;随后在切梢孔上方连续钻产卵孔,并在喙能达到的产卵孔底部作体积较大的卵室,最终在嫩梢上形成数条连续的近直线型排列的产卵孔。连续钻产卵孔过程中,该虫会随机选择几个产卵孔产卵,通常1个产卵孔产1粒卵,每个嫩梢上产2~8粒卵。当粗细不同的顶梢和侧梢同时存在时,93.33%的雌虫会优先选择在较粗的顶梢上产卵。【结论】 芒果蓝色切梢象甲具有复杂的产卵行为,其中包括产卵前有特殊的切梢过程。产卵时雌虫会优先选择在较粗壮的嫩梢上产卵。田间可通过近螺旋形紧密排列的切梢孔和近直线型排列的产卵孔识别该虫为害。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 This study provided a detailed description of the morphological characteristics, damage symptoms, oviposition behavior of adults and oviposition preference of Auletomorphus montanus, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the field identification of A. montanus, research on its adaptability to host plants, and the formulation of comprehensive control strategies. 【Method】 Methods such as field investigation, video recording and indoor microscopic observation were employed to record and analyze morphological characteristics of A. montanus, damage symptoms on young shoots of mango, and to study oviposition behavior of adults and oviposition preference on young shoots of mango trees. 【Result】 Adult A. montanus exhibited blue-green color, characterized by a slender and slightly curved beak. The antennae of male A. montanus were attached near the 1/4 position of the beak base, while the antennae of female A. montanus were attached near the 1/5 position. The oviposition behavior of female A. montanus comprised seven discrete categories of behavior: walking, boring cutting holes, boring oviposition holes, oviposition, boring again, hiding, and leaving.The average duration for each type of behavior was recorded as follows: boring cutting holes 33.24 s, boring oviposition holes 144.92 s, oviposition 25.25 s, boring again 80.30 s, and hiding 19.29 s. During oviposition, A. montanus first used its beak to consecutively bore cutting holes on young shoots of mango trees, forming several circles of closely spaced holes in a spiral shape. Subsequently, it bored consecutively oviposition holes above the cutting holes and created larger egg chambers at the bottom of the oviposition holes within reach of its beak. Finally, several oviposition holes were formed on young shoots in a nearly linear arrangement. During the process of boring oviposition holes, the insect randomly selected several oviposition holes to lay eggs, usually, one egg per oviposition hole, with 2 to 8 eggs laid per young shoot. When both top and lateral shoots of different thicknesses were present simultaneously, 93.33% of female A.montanus preferred to oviposit eggs on the thicker top shoots. 【Conclusion】 A. montanus displays complex oviposition behavior, including a unique cutting process before oviposition. Female A. montanus exhibits a pre-ference for ovipositing eggs on thicker young shoots. In the field, damage symptoms by A. montanus can be identified by nearly spiral and closely arranged cutting holes and nearly linear arrangement of oviposition holes.

     

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