宁夏盐碱地水稻根系形态和生理指标与产量的相关分析及综合评价

Correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation of root morphology, physiological indicators and yield of rice in saline-alkali land of Ningxia

  • 摘要: 【目的】 比较分析宁夏盐碱地不同水稻品种(系)根系形态和生理指标与产量的关系,筛选适宜宁夏盐碱地种植的高产水稻品种(系),为宁夏盐碱地高产水稻品种的选育和种植提供参考。【方法】 以4个宁夏常规水稻种植品种(宁粳52号、宁粳57号、96D10、HJW14)和1个海稻86衍生系(陈2)为试验材料,在宁夏盐碱地进行大田种植试验,在生育期关键节点(苗期、分蘖期、抽穗期和灌浆期)测定根系形态指标(根直径、根长、根表面积、根体积、根鲜重和根干重)、生理指标超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、根系活力、根系总吸收面积和根系活跃吸收面积和产量及构成因素指标(穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、结实率、产量),并利用相关分析、主成分分析和隶属函数法对不同品种(系)水稻进行综合评价。【结果】 不同水稻品种(系)的根直径随着生育期的推进呈逐渐增加趋势,根长、根表面积、根体积在苗期到抽穗期呈逐渐增加趋势,在抽穗期到灌浆期呈下降趋势。宁粳52号、宁粳57号和陈2的根系形态整体表现优于96D10和HJW14。陈2和宁粳57号的根系活力优于宁粳52号、96D10和HJW14。宁粳52号、宁粳57号和陈2的根系总吸收面积和根系活跃吸收面积整体上高于96D10和HJW14。宁粳52号、宁粳57号和陈2在不同生育期的SOD和POD活性均高于96D10和HJW14。在产量表现方面,宁粳52号的产量最高,达7420.97 kg/ha,HJW14的产量最低,为4970.94 kg/ha。相关分析结果表明,产量与根系总吸收面积呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与SOD和POD活性呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);主成分分析结果确定根长、根表面积、根鲜重、根干重、根系活力、根系活跃吸收面积、SOD活性和千粒重为耐盐碱关键指标。利用隶属函数结合权重分析法得到不同水稻品种(系)耐盐碱的综合评价值(D)排序为宁粳57号>宁粳52号>陈2>96D10>HJW14。【结论】 综合D值与实际产量考虑,宁粳52号在盐碱地表现相对较好,适宜作为宁夏盐碱地种植与示范的高产水稻品种。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 The study aimed to comparatively analyze the relationship between root morphology and physiological indicators and yield of different rice varieties(lines) in saline-alkali land of Ningxia, and to screen high-yielding rice varieties(lines) suitable for planting in saline-alkali land of Ningxia, providing references for the breeding and planting of high-yielding rice varieties in saline-alkali land of Ningxia. 【Method】 Four conventional Ningxia rice varieties(Ningjing 52, Ningjing 57, 96D10, HJW14) and one Haidao 86 derivative line(Chen 2) were used as test materials to conduct field planting experiments in saline-alkali land of Ningxia. During key growth stages(seedling, tillering, heading and filling stages), root morphological indicators(root diameter, root length, root surface area, root volume, root fresh weight and root dry weight), physiological indicators superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, peroxidase(POD) activity, root activity, total root absorption area and active root absorption area and yield and component factor indicators(spike number, kernels per spike, thousand-seed weight, setting rate, yield) were detected. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis and membership function method were used to comprehensively evaluate different rice varieties(lines). 【Result】 The root diameter of different rice varieties(lines) showed a gradual increasing trend as the rice growth period progressed. The root length, root surface area and root volume showed a gradual increasing trend from the seedling stage to the heading stage, and showed a decreasing trend from the heading stage to the filling stage. The root morphology of Ningjing 52, Ningjing 57 and Chen 2 was better than that of 96D10 and HJW14. The root vitality of Chen 2 and Ningjing 57 was better than that of Ningjing 52, 96D10 and HJW14. The total root absorption area and root active absorption area of Ningjing 52, Ningjing 57 and Chen 2 were generally higher than those of 96D10 and HJW14. SOD activity and POD activity of Ningjing 52, Ningjing 57 and Chen 2 during different growth stages were higher than those of 96D10 and HJW14. In terms of yield performance, Ningjing 52 had the highest yield of 7420.97 kg/ha, while HJW14 had the lowest yield of 4970.94 kg/ha. Correlation analysis results indicated that yield was significantly positively correlated with the total root absorption area(P<0.05), and extremely significantly positively correlated with SOD activity and POD activity(P<0.01). The principal component analysis results determined that root length, root surface area, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root activity, root active absorption area, SOD activity and thousand-seed weight were key indicators of salt-alkali tolerance. Using the membership function method combined with the weight analysis method, the comprehensive evaluation values(D) for the salt-alkali tolerance of different rice varieties(lines) were ranked as follows: Ningjing 57>Ningjing 52>Chen 2>96D10>HJW14. 【Conclusion】 Considering the comprehensive D value and the actual yield, Ningjing 52 exhibits relatively good performance in saline-alkali land, making it a suitable high-yield rice variety for planting and demonstration in saline-alkali land of Ningxia.

     

/

返回文章
返回