柯乐猪TAC3R基因SNP位点鉴定及其对繁殖性状的影响

Identification of TAC3R gene SNP site in Kele pigs and their effects on reproductive traits

  • 摘要: 【目的】探究速激肽受体3基因(TAC3R)单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点与柯乐猪繁殖性能的关联性,筛选出与繁殖性状相关的遗传标记,为加速柯乐猪的品种改良提供技术支撑。【方法】选取195头2胎以上的健康经产柯乐猪为研究对象,运用Sanger直接测序法鉴定TAC3R基因SNP位点,利用SHEsisPlus计算各SNP位点的群体遗传参数,并以SPSS 22.0中的一般线性模型(GLM)分析SNP位点基因型和双倍型对柯乐猪5个繁殖指标的遗传效应。【结果】在柯乐猪TAC3R基因上共检测到5个SNPs位点:g.117686266T>C、g.117686381A>G、g.117686384A>G、g.117688503T>C和g.117688518T>C。g.117686381A>G位点与g.117686384A>G位点间完全连锁,g.117688503T>C位点与g.117686266T>C、g.117686381A>G和g.117686384A>G位点间不存在连锁关系,而其他各SNP位点间均存在强连锁不平衡关系。5个SNPs位点联合共检测到5种单倍型和10种双倍型,单倍型中以H5的频率最高(0.433)、H2的频率最低(0.059),双倍型中以H3H5的频率最高(0.221)、H1H4的频率最低(0.031)。5个SNPs位点在柯乐猪群体中均呈中度多态性(0.252-HWE<5.991)。g.117688503T>C位点显著影响窝均产仔数和断奶仔猪数,TT基因型个体的窝均产仔数和断奶仔猪数显著高于CC基因型个体;g.117688518T>C位点显著影响断奶仔猪数,CC基因型个体显著高于TT基因型个体。柯乐猪TAC3R基因SNP位点双倍型与其繁殖性状的关联分析发现,H2H4型为窝均产仔数、窝均产活仔数和窝断奶仔猪数3个指标的最优双倍型,H1H3型为平均断奶重指标的最优双倍型。【结论】在柯乐猪TAC3R基因上检测到5个SNPs位点,其中g.117688503T>C和g.117688518T>C位点对柯乐猪的繁殖性能有显著影响。TAC3R基因可作为柯乐猪繁殖性状的候选基因,双倍型H2H4可作为分子标记辅助选择的参考。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】This study aimed to explore the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) sites of the tachykinin receptor 3 gene(TAC3R) and the reproductive performance of Kele pigs, and to screen out genetic markers related to reproductive traits, so as to provide technical support for accelerating breed improvement of Kele pigs. 【Method】A total of 195 healthy multiparous Kele pigs with more than 2 litters were selected as the research subjects. The Sanger direct sequencing was employed to identify SNP sites of the TAC3R gene, and the population genetic parameters of each SNP site were calculated by SHEsisPlus. Subsequently, the genetic effects of SNP site genotypes or haplotypes on 5 reproductive traits of Kele pigs were analyzed using the general linear model(GLM) in SPSS 22.0. 【Result】Five SNPs sites were detected in the TAC3R gene of Kele pigs: g.117686266 T>C, g.117686381 A>G, g.117686384A>G, g.117688503 T>C, and g.117688518 T>C. Among these sites, g.117686381 A>G and g.117686384 A>G showed complete linkage, while g.117688503T>C showed no linkage with the g.117686266T>C, g.117686381A>G, and g.117686384A>G. However, strong linkage disequilibrium was observed among the other SNP sites. A total of 5 haplotypes and 10 diplotypes were detected in the 5 SNPs sites. Among the haplotypes, the frequency of H5 was the highest(0.433), the frequency of H2 was the lowest(0.059). For diplotypes, H3H5 had the highest frequency(0.221) and H1H4 had the lowest frequency(0.031). All the 5 SNPs sites exhibited moderate polymorphism(0.25<PIC<0.50) in the Kele pig population, and their genotypic distributions did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2-HWE<5.991).The g.117688503T>C site significantly influenced the average litter size and weaned piglet number, with the TT genotype exhibiting significantly higher values for both traits compared to CC genotype. The g.117688518T>C site significantly influenced weaned piglet number, with CC genotype individuals showing significantly higher numbers than TT genotype individuals. The correlation analysis of the SNP site diplotypes of TAC3R gene and reproductive traits in Kele pigs revealed that the H2H4 type was the optimal for average litter size, average live litter size, and weaned piglet number, while the H1H3 type was the optimal for average weaning weight. 【Conclusion】Five SNPs sites are detected on the TAC3R gene of Kele pigs, among which the g.117688503 T>C and g.117688518 T>C sites have significant effects on the reproductive performance of Kele pigs. TAC3R gene can be considered a candidate gene for reproductive traits of Kele pigs, and the haplotype H2H4 can serve as a reference for molecular marker-assisted selection.

     

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