不同供磷水平对椰枣幼苗生长、生理指标和营养元素含量的影响

Effects of different phosphorus levels on date palm seedling growth, physiological indexes and nutrient elements contents

  • 摘要: 【目的】通过分析不同供磷水平对椰枣幼苗生长、生理指标和营养元素含量的影响,为构建椰枣幼苗平衡施肥技术提供理论依据。【方法】以椰枣幼苗为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,设4个供磷水平处理,浓度分别为5(CK)、100、1000和5000μmol/L,培养7个月后,观察测定幼苗的生长、生理指标和营养元素含量。【结果】5μmol/L供磷水平下,椰枣幼苗长势弱;100μmol/L供磷水平下椰枣幼苗的根部鲜重显著低于1000μmol/L供磷水平(P<0.05,下同);1000μmol/L供磷水平下椰枣幼苗长势好,其根部鲜重、地上部干重、株高增加量、植株磷含量、植株磷累积量、第3叶和第6叶片中的可溶性蛋白含量均显著大于CK;5000μmol/L供磷水平下,新抽叶片密集,根部磷利用效率和植株磷利用效率最低。同一供磷水平下,椰枣幼苗茎尖中的磷含量高于叶片和根尖。不同供磷水平对地上部和根部氮、钾、钙、镁、钠、铝元素的含量影响不同。随着供磷水平的增加,地上部和根部的钾、铝含量,以及地上部钙含量均先增加后降低,地上部镁含量逐渐增加,根部钙、镁含量逐渐降低;5000μmol/L供磷水平下,地上部和根部的钠含量达最高。1000μmol/L供磷水平下,椰枣幼苗地上部的氮、钾、镁、钠、铝的累积量,地上部氮利用效率,以及地上部和根部的钙利用效率显著大于CK。【结论】营养液中的供磷水平会影响椰枣幼苗的长势、生理指标及营养元素的含量、累积量和利用效率。过低或者过高供磷水平均不利于椰枣幼苗的生长,1000μmol/L供磷水平下,椰枣幼苗长势良好。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】This study analyzed the effect of different phosphorus(P) levels on date palm seedling growth, physiological indexes, nutrient elements contents to provide theoretical basis for developing balanced technique of fertilization of date palm seedling. 【Method】Selecting date palm seedlings as research material, a pot+nutrient solution experiment was conducted.The nutrient solution was set at 4 P levels with concentrations of 5(CK), 100, 1000 and 5000μmol/L.The growth, physiological indexes and nutrient element conctents of the date palm seedlings were observed and measured after 7 months of cultivation. 【Result】Under the 5 μmol/L P level, the growth of date palm seedlings was weak.Under the 100 μmol/L P level, the fresh weight of root was significantly lower than that under the 1000 μmol/L P level(P<0.05, the same below). Under the 1000 μmol/L P level, the growth of date palm seedlings grew well, the fresh weight of root, dry weight of shoot, the increment of plant height, the P concentration of plant, the P accumulation of plant, the soluble protein concentration of the 3rd and 6rd leaves were significantly higher than those under CK. The newly sprouted leaves were dense, the P use efficiency of root and plant were the lowest under the 5000 μmol/L P level. Under the same P level, the P content in shoot tip was higher than that in leaves and root tip. The concentration of nitrogen(N), potassium(K), calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg), sodium(Na), aluminium(Al) in shoot and root were different under different P levels. With the increase of P level, the concentration of K, Al in shoot and root, and the concentration of Ca in shoot increased initially and then decreased, the concentration of Mg in shoot gradually increased, and the concentration of Ca and Mg in root gradually decreased. Under the 5000 μmol/L P level, the concentration of Na in shoot and root reached the highest. Under the 1000 μmol/L P level, the accumulation of N, K, Mg, Na and Al in the shoot, the N use efficiency in shoot, the Ca use efficiency in shoot and root were significantly higher than those under CK. 【Conclusion】The P level in nutrient solution affects the growth,physiological indexes, concentration,accumulation and use efficiency of nutrient element of date palm seedlings.Too low or too high P level is not conducive to the growth of date palm seedlings. Under 1000 μmol/L P level, date palm seedlings grow well.

     

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