Abstract: 【Objective】This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of wheat varieties（lines） in southern HuangHuai wheat region, and to screen superior germplasm resources, providing a reference for wheat genetic breeding and optimized utilization of wheat germplasm resources. 【Method】Seventy-nine newly wheat varieties（lines） recently approved or under trial in southern Huang-Huai wheat region were used as materials. Eleven agronomic traits,including under-spike stem length, under-spike internode length, plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, tiller number per plant, spike length, kernel number per spike, thousand-kernel weight, biomass, and yield, and six quality traits, including moisture,water abstraction rate protein content, gluten content, hardness and sedimentation value, were comprehensively evaluated for diversity. 【Result】The results showed that the coefficients of variation for the 11 agronomic traits ranged from 8.20% to 44.25%, with an average of 18.79%. Plant height had the smallest coefficient of variation（8.20%）. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 1.96 to 2.09, with an average of 2.02. The highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index was observed for thousand-kernel weight（2.09）. The variation coefficients of the six quality traits ranged from 1.40% to 11.61%, with an average of 5.76%. The diversity index ranged from 1.96 to 2.08, with an average of 2.02. Although the variation in quality traits was slightly lower, the genetic diversity was rich. Based on the criterion of eigenvalue greater than 1.00, seven principal components were identified as comprehensive indexes for evaluating wheat germplasm, with a cumulative contribution rate of 80.62%. Notably, quality was found to be a crucial factor influencing the comprehensive score. A total of 23 pairs of traits reached significant（P＜0.05, the same below） or extremely significant（P＜0.01） correlation levels, accounting for 41.82% of the total pairs. Among them, 20 pairs showed positive correlations and 3 pairs showed negative correlations. Based on the 11 agronomic and 6 quality traits, the 79 materials were divided into four groups （Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ）, accounting for 21.52%, 11.39%, 18.99% and 48.10%, respectively. Materials from the same parent were clustered in the same group, suggesting that the clustering results accurately reflected the trait characteristics and approximate pedigree relationships of the materials. Pedigree relationship was a key factor in wheat grouping.Significant differences were observed among some groups in eight traits, including flag leaf length, flag leaf width, tiller number, spike length, thousand-kernel weight, kernel number per spike, biomass, and yield. No significant differences（P＞0.05） were observed in plant height, under-spike stem length, and under-spike intermodal length among the four groups. 【Conclusion】The variation trends of the coefficients of variation and Shannon-Wiener diversity index for different agronomic and quality traits are not completely consistent. The diversity of agronomic traits is relatively rich, while the difference in quality traits is relatively small. Six varieties with superior comprehensive evaluations, Xinong 809, Xinong 161, Xinmai 65, Xinmai 26, Zhongmai 255 and Zhoumai 36, are selected and can be used as key resources.