植物工厂中不同LED光质对番杏植株生长及营养物质积累的影响

Effects of different LED light qualities on the growth and nutrient accumulation of Tetragonia tetragonoides(Pall.)Kuntze in a plant factory

  • 摘要: 【目的】研究植物工厂中不同LED光质对番杏植株生长及营养物质积累的影响,为筛选适宜番杏植株生长的最佳光质及番杏的优质高效栽培提供参考依据。【方法】以种植在植物工厂中的番杏为试验材料,设置白光为对照(CK)及不同比例红、蓝光(R2B8、R5B5和R8B2)4个光照条件处理,处理后45 d,测定番杏主根长、株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶面积和含水量等生长指标,测定光合色素含量与光合参数净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)及营养品质(单宁、总黄酮、总皂苷、可溶性糖、维生素C、可溶性蛋白和硝酸盐含量)指标,并分析主要农艺性状与营养指标的相关性。【结果】随着红光比例的增加,株高和主根长呈上升趋势,排序为R8B2>R5B5>CK>R2B8;红光比例的增加显著促进了番杏叶面积的增加(P<0.05,下同),R8B2处理下番杏的茎粗、叶片数、叶面积和鲜重均为最高值,分别较CK显著增加30.40%、16.00%、39.14%和5.86%;叶绿素a与总叶绿素含量在R8B2处理下含量最多,与CK相比分别显著增加20.94%和27.42%;R8B2处理下番杏Pn最高,与CK相比显著增加59.45%;R5B5处理的Pn最小。R2B8处理的总皂苷含量最高,与CK相比显著增加14.63%。可溶性糖与维生素C含量随着红光比例增加呈先升后降的变化趋势,分别在R5B5和R2B8时达峰值后降低。可溶性蛋白含量各处理差异不显著(P>0.05),硝酸盐含量随着红光比例的增加而降低。相关分析结果显示,不同LED光质处理下番杏的生长特性和营养成分变化密切相关。番杏的株高与茎粗、叶面积、鲜重等呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),Pn与叶绿素a、总叶绿素含量和茎粗呈极显著正相关,总黄酮与单宁和可溶性蛋白呈显著正相关,硝酸盐与茎粗、叶绿素b、Gs等呈负相关。【结论】红、蓝光不同配比影响植物工厂中番杏的生长和营养物质积累,当2种光质光配比为R8B2时可促进番杏光合作用、形态建成和营养物质积累,降低硝酸盐含量,提升食用口感,可应用于番杏实际生产。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】To study the effects of different LED light qualities on the growth and nutrient accumulation of Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze in a plant factory,which could provide a reference basis for the selection of the optimal light quality suitable for the growth and high-quality and efficient cultivation of T.tetragonoides.【Method】Using T.tetragonoides planted in a plant factory as experimental material,four light condition treatments were set up with white light as control (CK) and different ratios of red and blue light (R2B8,R5B5 and R8B2).Forty-five days after the light treatment,growth indexes such as main root length,plant height,stem diameter,number of leaf,leaf area and water con-tent were determined in T.tetragonoides,and photosynthetic pigments contents and photosynthetic parametersincluding photosynthetic pigment content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),inter-cellular CO2 concentration(Ci),and transpiration rate(Tr)and nutritional qualities (including tannins,total flavonoids,total saponins,soluble sugars,vitamin C,soluble proteins and nitrates contents) were determined in T.tetragonoides.The correlation between major agronomic shapes and nutritional indicators was analyzed.【Result】Plant height and primary root length tended to increase with increasing percentage of red light and were ranked as R8B2>R5B5>CK>R2B8.The increase in the proportion of red light significantly contributed to the increase in leaf area of T.tetragonoides,and stem diameter,number of leaf,leaf area and fresh weight of T.tetragonoides under R8B2 treatment were the highest,which were significantly increased by30.40%,16.00%,39.14%,and 5.86%respectively compared to that of CK (P<0.05,the same below).In addition,chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents were the most abundant under R8B2 treatment,which significantly increased by20.94%and 27.42%respectively compared with CK.The highest Pn was recorded under R8B2 treatment in T.tetragonoides with a significant increase of 59.45%compared to CK;R5B5 treatment reached the minimum Pn.Besides,R2B8 treatment had the highest total saponin content,which was significantly increased by 14.63%compared with CK.The soluble sugar and vitamin C contents showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of red light ratio,which peaked and then decreased at R5B5 and R2B8 respectively.Although soluble protein content did not differ significantly among treatments(P>0.05),nitrate content decreased with increasing percentage of red light.Correlation analysis indicated that the growth characteristics and nutrient changes of T.tetragonoides under different LED light quality treatments were closely related.Plant height was extremely significantly significantly positively and correlated with stem diameter,leaf area and fresh weight (P<0.01,the same below),and Pn was extremely significantly and positively correlated with chlorophyll a,total chlorophyll contents,and stem diameter in T.tetragonoides.Total flavonoids were significantly and positively correlated with tannins and soluble proteins,and nitrate was negatively correlated with stem diameter,chlorophyll b and Gs.【Conclusion】Different ratios of red and blue lights affect the growth and nutrient accumulation of T.tetragonoides in a plant factory.When the ratio of the two light qualities is R8B2,it can promote photosynthesis,morphogenesis and nutrient accumulation,reduce the nitrate content and improve the edible taste,which can be applied in actural planting of T.tetragonoides.

     

/

返回文章
返回