Abstract:
【Objective】The purpose of the study was to provide theoretical reference for the breeding of early maturing
Luffa acutangula varieties through the analysis of major genes+polygene genetic model for early-maturity related traits.【Method】A six-generation genetic population was constructed using the high-generation inbred lines LC034(♀)and LC052(♂)of
L.acutangula as parents,four early-maturity related traits of
L.acutangula(the first female flower node,the first blooming date,the first fruit setting node and the first harvest date) were carried out by using major genes+polygene inheritance segregation analysis.【Result】The four early-maturity related traits of LC034 were extremely significantly lower than those of LC052 (
P<0.01).The coefficients of variation for the four early-maturity related traits in the
F1,B
C1P1,B
C1P2,and
F2 populations were 8.70%-25.46%,14.77%-37.67%,19.93%-38.97%,and 22.37%-46.81%.More-over,the separation frequency distribution of the four early-maturity related traits in the
F2 population contained the mixed distribution of multiple normal distributions.The optimal genetic model of the first female flower node and the first fruit setting node was the MX2-ADI-ADI model,which was controlled by 2 pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major genes+additive-dominant-epistatic polygenes.The major gene heritability (
h2mg) of the first female flower node in B
C1P1,B
C1P2,and
F2 generations was 4.63%,84.69%and 79.99%,respectively,while the polygenic heritability (
h2pg) was74.60%,0 and 0.The
h2mg of the first fruit setting node in B
C1P1,B
C1P2,and
F2 generations was 2.38%,82.86%and76.45%,respectively,while the
h2pg was 57.04%,0 and 0.The optimal genetic model of the first blooming date was 2MG-ADI,which was controlled by 2 pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major genes.The
h2mg of B
C1P1,B
C1P2,and
F2 generations was 72.02%,79.05%,86.53%respectively.The optimal genetic model of the first harvest date was 2MG-AD,which was controlled by 2 pairs of additive-dominant major genes.The
h2mg of the first harvest date in B
C1P1,B
C1P2,and
F2 gen-erations was 62.33%,84.79%and 85.07%respectively.【Conclusion】The the first female flower node,the first blooming date,the first fruit setting node and the first harvest date of
L.acutangula are all characterized by quantitative traits and are controlled by polygenes,among which the first female flower node and the first fruit setting node are controlled by 2 pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major genes+additive-dominant-epistatic polygenes,the first blooming date is controlled by2 pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major genes,the first harvest date is controlled by 2 pairs of additive-dominant major genes.